Preview Quiz Ch 11-13, 17 Flashcards
What factors differentiate chronic leukemias from acute leukemias?
The leukemic cells are more full differentiated than in acute leukemias p. 252
Which client complaint should prompt a clinician to order a diagnostic workup for multiple myeloma?
“Lately my bones just seem to ache so badly, and nothing seems to help.” p. 257
A client with a long-standing diagnosis has recently developed neutropenia and been admitted. Which measure should be prioritized by the nurse providing care?
Vigilant handwashing to protect against severe bacterial infections. p. 246
In immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP), the client has what type of disorder that primarily destroys which blood component?
Autoimmune; platelets P. 270
A 23-year-old female has been diagnosed with von Willebrand disease following a long history of “heavy periods” and occasional nosebleeds. Which statement demonstrates a sound understanding of her new diagnosis?
“I’ll make sure to take Tylenol instead of aspirin when I get aches and pains.” p. 272
A 69 y/o who is obese and has a diagnosis of angina pectoris has been prescribed clopidogrel (Plavix) by his PCP. The patient asks “why do I need this, it won’t help my chest pain.” The best response is:
It prevents the blood cells from forming a clot in your heart vessels.
Hemolytic anemia is characterized by excessive red blood cell destruction and compensatory:
increased erythropoiesis
The client is an average-size adult with abnormal microcytic hypochromic red blood cells due to a long-term, chronic disease. Which CBC result is characteristic of her type of anemia?
Hemoglobin 8g/dL
2-week-old infant to ED due to persistent and increasing jaundice. Blood testing reveals that the infant’s unconjugated bilirubin level is 28 mg/dL, and assessment does not reveal neurologic deficits. The weight is normal and the mother claims to have no significant difficulty in feeding the infant. The most likely treatment for this infant will be:
Phototherapy
A client had an MI that damaged the right atrium, which has interfered with the SA node. The compensatory mechanism, the AV node, becomes the pacemaker of the heart and beats how many time/minute?
45-50 BPM
Following an accident with a kitchen knife, the client’s cut has a decrease in the amount of bleed and developed a clot. The nurse knows this is primarily a result of humoral control of blood flow with the release of:
Serotonin
Upon assessment, the nurse hears a murmur located at the fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line. The client asks, “what does that mean?” The best answer is:
“You have a heart valve that is diseased.”
In neutropenia, all of the cell lines are affected, resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis. (T/F)
False
Infectious mononucleosis is a self-limited disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). (T/F)
True
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the normal function and formation of platelets. (T/F)
True
Platelets are known as leukocytes. (T/F)
False
Thalassemias are inherited disorders of platelet synthesis that cause severe bruising and bleeding. (T/F)
False
Sickle cell disease is a chronic disorder that results from changes in the size, rather than the shape, of red blood cells. (T/F)
False
The left side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs (T/F)
False
The loose-fitting sac that surrounds the heart is called myocardium (T/F)
False
The 16 y/o boy has enlarged lymph nodes and a sore throat. His girlfriend has recently diagnosed w/ infectious mononucleosis. While educating him, the nurse emphasizes that infectious mononucleosis is caused by which pathogen and usually transmitted via:
Epstein-Barr virus; saliva
A client is undergoing a diagnostic workup to rule out multiple myeloma. Which of the following diagnostic findings would confirm the diagnosis of multiple myeloma?
Plasma cells greater than 10% on bone marrow biopsy
A client asks the worker why he is taking allopurinol. The client states, “I don’t have gout. My grandpa took this for his gout.” The best response would be:
“When the chemo kills the leukemia cells, this causes your uric acid levels to rise. Allopurinol will help lower acid levels.”
A nursing student accidentally cuts her hand while preparing supper for her family. She watches the laceration very closely. Sure enough, the first thing she notes is:
Initially, it takes a few seconds for blood to appear as a result of vessel spasm
A client admitted for immune thrombocytopenic purpura has not responded to corticosteroid treatment. The priority nursing intervention for this client would include which of the following treatment measures?
Insert an intravenous catheter, so immune globulin can be administered in a timely manner
A client started on a protocol for the prevention of deep thein thrombosis shortly after admission and has been receiving 5000 units of heparin twice daily for the last week. An immune response to this treatment may increase the client’s chance of developing which health problem?
Thrombocytopenia
An infant from parents of Mediterranean decent has been diagnosed with a severe form of B-thalassemia anemia. The nursing caring for the infant knows that the infant will likely receive which treatment?
Transfusion Therapy
Which client is most susceptible to experiencing the effects of inadequate erythropoiesis?
A client who has developed renal failure as a result of long-standing hypertension
A 6 m/o infant was born with a murmur. The Dr recommended valve replacement/repair surgery based on which lab values indicate intravascular hemolysis?
Excess of hemoglobin in the blood plasma (hemoglobinemia)
Hypoxia is said to have a negative inotropic effect on the heart, which means:
There will be interference in the generation of ATP, which is needed for muscle contraction
A client w/ history of heart failure has been referred for an echocardiogram. Results of this diagnostic test reveal the following: heart rate 80 bpm, end-diastolic volume 120mL; and end-systolic volume 60mL. What is the client’s ejection fraction?
50%
Which statement about calcium channel-blocking (CCB) drugs is accurate?
CCB drugs work on B-adrenergic receptors to close the channels, so vasodilation occurs.
T/F. In neutropenia, all of the cell lines are affected, resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis
False
T/F. Infectious mononucleosis is a self-limiting disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
True
T/F. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition that results in simultaneous clotting and bleeding
True
T/F. Platelets are also known as leukocytes
False
T/F. Hyperbilirubinemia is an increased level of serum bilirubin and very often causes cyanosis in the neonate.
False
T/F. Thalassemias are inherited disorders of platelet synthesis that cause severe bruising and bleeding.
False
T/F. The rhythmic impulse of the cardiac conduction system is generated at the AV node, known as the pacemaker of the heart.
False (SA node is the pacemaker)
T/F. The rate of blood flow through a vessel is affected by pressure, resistance, and vessel radius.
True
