Preview Quiz Ch 11-13, 17

Question 1

What factors differentiate chronic leukemias from acute leukemias?

Answer 1

The leukemic cells are more full differentiated than in acute leukemias p. 252

Question 2

Which client complaint should prompt a clinician to order a diagnostic workup for multiple myeloma?

Answer 2

“Lately my bones just seem to ache so badly, and nothing seems to help.” p. 257

Question 3

A client with a long-standing diagnosis has recently developed neutropenia and been admitted. Which measure should be prioritized by the nurse providing care?

Answer 3

Vigilant handwashing to protect against severe bacterial infections. p. 246

Question 4

In immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP), the client has what type of disorder that primarily destroys which blood component?

Answer 4

Autoimmune; platelets P. 270

Question 5

A 23-year-old female has been diagnosed with von Willebrand disease following a long history of “heavy periods” and occasional nosebleeds. Which statement demonstrates a sound understanding of her new diagnosis?

Answer 5

“I’ll make sure to take Tylenol instead of aspirin when I get aches and pains.” p. 272

Question 6

A 69 y/o who is obese and has a diagnosis of angina pectoris has been prescribed clopidogrel (Plavix) by his PCP. The patient asks “why do I need this, it won’t help my chest pain.” The best response is:

Answer 6

It prevents the blood cells from forming a clot in your heart vessels.

Question 7

Hemolytic anemia is characterized by excessive red blood cell destruction and compensatory:

Answer 7

increased erythropoiesis

Question 8

The client is an average-size adult with abnormal microcytic hypochromic red blood cells due to a long-term, chronic disease. Which CBC result is characteristic of her type of anemia?

Answer 8

Hemoglobin 8g/dL

Question 9

2-week-old infant to ED due to persistent and increasing jaundice. Blood testing reveals that the infant’s unconjugated bilirubin level is 28 mg/dL, and assessment does not reveal neurologic deficits. The weight is normal and the mother claims to have no significant difficulty in feeding the infant. The most likely treatment for this infant will be:

Answer 9

Phototherapy

Question 10

A client had an MI that damaged the right atrium, which has interfered with the SA node. The compensatory mechanism, the AV node, becomes the pacemaker of the heart and beats how many time/minute?

Answer 10

45-50 BPM

Question 11

Following an accident with a kitchen knife, the client’s cut has a decrease in the amount of bleed and developed a clot. The nurse knows this is primarily a result of humoral control of blood flow with the release of:

Answer 11

Serotonin

Question 12

Upon assessment, the nurse hears a murmur located at the fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line. The client asks, “what does that mean?” The best answer is:

Answer 12

“You have a heart valve that is diseased.”

Question 13

In neutropenia, all of the cell lines are affected, resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis. (T/F)

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Infectious mononucleosis is a self-limited disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). (T/F)

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the normal function and formation of platelets. (T/F)

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Platelets are known as leukocytes. (T/F)

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Thalassemias are inherited disorders of platelet synthesis that cause severe bruising and bleeding. (T/F)

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Sickle cell disease is a chronic disorder that results from changes in the size, rather than the shape, of red blood cells. (T/F)

Answer 18

False

Question 19

The left side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs (T/F)

Answer 19

False

Question 20

The loose-fitting sac that surrounds the heart is called myocardium (T/F)

Answer 20

False

Question 21

The 16 y/o boy has enlarged lymph nodes and a sore throat. His girlfriend has recently diagnosed w/ infectious mononucleosis. While educating him, the nurse emphasizes that infectious mononucleosis is caused by which pathogen and usually transmitted via:

Answer 21

Epstein-Barr virus; saliva

Question 22

A client is undergoing a diagnostic workup to rule out multiple myeloma. Which of the following diagnostic findings would confirm the diagnosis of multiple myeloma?

Answer 22

Plasma cells greater than 10% on bone marrow biopsy

Question 23

A client asks the worker why he is taking allopurinol. The client states, “I don’t have gout. My grandpa took this for his gout.” The best response would be:

Answer 23

“When the chemo kills the leukemia cells, this causes your uric acid levels to rise. Allopurinol will help lower acid levels.”

Question 24

A nursing student accidentally cuts her hand while preparing supper for her family. She watches the laceration very closely. Sure enough, the first thing she notes is:

Answer 24

Initially, it takes a few seconds for blood to appear as a result of vessel spasm

Question 25

A client admitted for immune thrombocytopenic purpura has not responded to corticosteroid treatment. The priority nursing intervention for this client would include which of the following treatment measures?

Answer 25

Insert an intravenous catheter, so immune globulin can be administered in a timely manner

Question 26

A client started on a protocol for the prevention of deep thein thrombosis shortly after admission and has been receiving 5000 units of heparin twice daily for the last week. An immune response to this treatment may increase the client’s chance of developing which health problem?

Answer 26

Thrombocytopenia

Question 27

An infant from parents of Mediterranean decent has been diagnosed with a severe form of B-thalassemia anemia. The nursing caring for the infant knows that the infant will likely receive which treatment?

Answer 27

Transfusion Therapy

Question 28

Which client is most susceptible to experiencing the effects of inadequate erythropoiesis?

Answer 28

A client who has developed renal failure as a result of long-standing hypertension

Question 29

A 6 m/o infant was born with a murmur. The Dr recommended valve replacement/repair surgery based on which lab values indicate intravascular hemolysis?

Answer 29

Excess of hemoglobin in the blood plasma (hemoglobinemia)

Question 30

Hypoxia is said to have a negative inotropic effect on the heart, which means:

Answer 30

There will be interference in the generation of ATP, which is needed for muscle contraction

Question 31

A client w/ history of heart failure has been referred for an echocardiogram. Results of this diagnostic test reveal the following: heart rate 80 bpm, end-diastolic volume 120mL; and end-systolic volume 60mL. What is the client’s ejection fraction?

Answer 31

50%

Question 32

Which statement about calcium channel-blocking (CCB) drugs is accurate?

Answer 32

CCB drugs work on B-adrenergic receptors to close the channels, so vasodilation occurs.

Question 33

T/F. In neutropenia, all of the cell lines are affected, resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis

Answer 33

False

Question 34

T/F. Infectious mononucleosis is a self-limiting disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Answer 34

True

Question 35

T/F. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition that results in simultaneous clotting and bleeding

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T/F. Platelets are also known as leukocytes

Answer 36

False

Question 37

T/F. Hyperbilirubinemia is an increased level of serum bilirubin and very often causes cyanosis in the neonate.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

T/F. Thalassemias are inherited disorders of platelet synthesis that cause severe bruising and bleeding.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

T/F. The rhythmic impulse of the cardiac conduction system is generated at the AV node, known as the pacemaker of the heart.

Answer 39

False (SA node is the pacemaker)

Question 40

T/F. The rate of blood flow through a vessel is affected by pressure, resistance, and vessel radius.

Answer 40

True