Prevention & control of Periodontal disease Flashcards
Why might diabetics be more susceptible to periodontal disease?
Risk for all infection, including periodontal disease, is greater for both Type I & II diabetics. Because…
- Vascular abnormalities
- Altered collagen metabolism
- Altered monocyte response
- changes in crevicular fluid
- High blood sugars cause xerostomia
Why is it especially dangerous for people with cardiovascular disease to contract periodontal disease?
Periodontal bacteria are found in Atheromas. Can increase chance of stroke and heart attack.
What is a possible adverse affect of periodontal disease on pregnancies?
Prostaglandins (PGE) stimulate uterine contractions and may cause premature birth.
Why are Gram Negative Anaerobic bacteria so problematic?
Name 5.
- Reside gingivally
- Very difficult to access & control daily by patient
1. Campylobacter Rectus
2. Porphyromonas Gingivalis
3. Prevotella Intermedia
4. Tannerella Forsythia
5. AA: Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans
What are 5 ways to target bacteria in priodontium?
- Mechanical plaque removal
- Antimicronial rinses & toothpastes
- Locally placed antiseptics or antibiotics (gels or threads)
- Systemic antibiotics
- Pocket reduction therapy
What percentage of adult periodontal cases are attributable to cigarette smoking?
More than 50% of all cases and 75% of cases in current smokers. Quitting tobacco ESSENTIAL in periodontal care
What are 4 changes to the local environment that can help periodontal disease?
- Identify and eliminate Iatrogenic restorations
- Eliminate pocket depth
- Complete orthodontic therapy
- Evaluate and adjust occlusion
What are the 4 advantages of power toothbrushes?
- Reduce physical skill & cognitive abilities necessary for brushing. Provides easier compliance for patient.
- Removes more plaque in less time
- Reduce gingivitis and bleeding
- Reduce stains
When comparing electric toothbrushes, the Cochrane Collaboration study in 2003, found what toothbrush to be the most effective at reducing plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding?
Rotation Oscillation (oral B Braun)
Is there any difference in interproximal plaque control using waxed vs. unwaxed floss? Added fluoride?
NO
Besides floss, what are some other devices used for interproximal plaque control? 6
- Proximal brush
- Toothpick
- Perio aid
- Stimudent
- Floss swords
- Powered flossers
We know 0.12% chlorhexidine results in a complete microbial kill in 30 seconds with 15 ml rinse twice a day, controls gingivitis & candida, disrupts cell walls, and is substantive for 12 hours. What problems arise from this fluoride rinse?
- Can stain brown
- Has a strong bitter flavor that is made worse by water.
- Reduces taste
- Can’t use in combination with toothpaste b/c the SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate) in toothpaste inactivates the chlorhexidine
What makes essential oil mouth rinses effective?
They disrupt cell walls and function
How does Crest pro health (0.07% Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC)) compare to essential oils at reducing plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding? What are its attributes?
“At least as good as” essential oils.
Alcohol free rinse that is designed to fight plaque and gingivits but does not have an ADA seal.
What is a major procedure used to remove ALL supragingival and subgingival calculus?
Scaling and root planing
What is gingivitis?
Gingivitis is inflammation and redness of the gums. Often associated with frequent bleeding. No bone of gun recession.
What is periodontitis?
Periodontitis is inflammation, bleeding, PLUS bone and gingival recession. Tooth loss also often seen due to these symptoms.
Hujoel, et al. J Dent Res 2006, found what about self-performed flossing compared to professional flossing?
Self-performed flossing didn’t significantly reduce caries risk but professional flossing did reduce interproximal caries.
What were Slots, 2008 findings about interproximal brushes compared to flossing?
Interproximal brushes removed more plaque and reduced gingivitis as well as flossing.
What two mouth rinses and what two toothpastes do the ADA recommend for perio disease?
Mouthrinses: 1. 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Rinse 2. Essential Oil Mouth Rinse Toothpastes: 1. 0.454% Stannous Fluoride Toothpaste 2. .3% Triclosan Toothpaste
Did the Boyle, 2013 study find CHX an Essential Oils effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis?
Yes
According to Sharma, 2004, what reduces more plaque and gingivitis, essential oil + brushing OR flossing + brushing?
Essential Oils mouth rinse + brushing removed more plaque and was more effective in reducing gingivitis
