Prevention and Control

Question 1

Prevention is actions aimed at _______ the impact of disease and disability or if none of these is feasible, ____ of disease and disability

Answer 1

• eradicating, eliminating, or minimizing
• retarding the progress

Question 2

Levels of Prevention

Answer 2

• Primordial
• Primary
• Secondary
• Tertiary

Question 3

What is the aim of primordial prevention?

Answer 3

Create conditions that promote health and prevent emergence of risk factors before they occur

Question 4

How is primordial prevention achieved?

Answer 4

Through public health policy and health promotion

Question 5

Primary prevention prevent the onset of disease before it occurs by having interventions targeting _____

Answer 5

risk factors and promoting healthy behaviors

Question 6

Secondary prevention reduces ____ of disease by shortening its duration

Answer 6

Prevalence

Question 7

How is tertiary prevention achieved?

Answer 7

Rehabilitation

Question 8

This is a concept in epidemiology that describes a situation in which a sufficient proportion of the population is immune to a contagious disease

Answer 8

Herd immunity

Question 9

Herd immunity only applies to infections transmitted solely by ____

Answer 9

person-to-person spread

Question 10

Which strategy is more invasive and expensive

A. Population-based
B. High-risk

Answer 10

B. High-risk

Question 11

Adopting a population-based approach will shift the population mean of the risk factor to which direct?

A. Left
B. Right

Answer 11

A. Left

Question 12

To control for the cases of hypertension in La Union, a mass-media campaign was implemented in all of the towns. Similarly, Pampanga also aimed to reduce the prevalence of hypertension by providing medical services to call center agents in all of the towns.

Which of the two provinces will see a greater shift in the population mean for the risk?

Answer 12

La Union

Question 13

Hierarchy of Disease control

Answer 13

Control → Elimination → Eradication

Question 14

Disease elimination: defined geographical area
Disease eradication: _____

Answer 14

worldwide

Question 15

Models of Disease causation

Answer 15

• Epidemiologic Triad
• Chain of Infection
• Rothman’s sufficient-component cause model

Question 16

Ability of the agent to cause disease

Answer 16

Pathogenicity

Question 17

Ability of the agent to cause infection in a susceptible host

Answer 17

Infectivity

Question 18

Disease- evoking power of a microorganism in a given host

Answer 18

Virulence

Question 19

Capacity of agent to produce toxin/poison

Answer 19

Toxigenicity

Question 20

Ability of agent to survive adverse environmental conditions

Answer 20

Resistance

Question 21

Ability of agent to induce antibody production in host

Answer 21

Antigenicity

Question 22

An infection’s ability to produce specific immunity

Answer 22

Immunogenicity

Question 23

Chain of infection is composed of ___ links. Enumerate the links

Answer 23

• Infectious agent
• Reservoirs
• Portal of Exit
• Mode of transmission
• Portal of Entry
• Susceptible host

Question 24

Isolation and quarantine are common public health strategies to help prevent spread of a _____

Answer 24

highly contagious disease

Question 25

Which strategy is used to separate apparently healthy persons with possible exposures to the disease agent during the incubation period of the disease?

Answer 25

Quarantine

Question 26

Which strategy is employed to separate persons with the communicable disease during the infectious period?

Answer 26

Isolation

Question 27

5 risk factors that the WHO recognized which increases risk of almost 2/3 of NCD

Answer 27

○ Tobacco use
○ Harmful use of alcohol
○ Unhealthy diets
○ Physical inactivity
○ Air pollution