Prevention

Question 1

Drug prevention

Answer 1

is an activity with the potential for preventing, delaying or reducing drug use, and/or its negative consequences.

It can target whole populations, subpopulations or individuals.

Question 2

Who is drug prevention commonly most relevant to?

Answer 2

Young people. This group is also where most research and activity is concentrated.

Question 3

What affect health and mortality?

Answer 3

Mostly behavior (50%), but also environmental (20%), genetics (20%) and access (10%).

Question 4

Forms of prevention

Answer 4

UNIVERSAL
- interventions are delivered across a whole population, community or setting, regardless of the level of risk for individuals receiving the intervention

SELECTIVE
- Groups are identified as being at increased risk because of their health history or psychological and social characteristics.

INDICATED
- Only those individuals, rather than groups, who are personally identified to be at high risk for a problem or disease.

Question 5

Function of prevention

Answer 5

ENVIRONMENTAL
- interventions to limit the availability of maladaptive behavior opportunities, through system wide policies and restrictions

DEVELOPMENTAL
- interventions to promote adaptive behaviors, and prevent maladaptive behaviors, through socialization of appropriate norms, values and habits.

COGNITIVE
- interventions to address existing cognitions about specific behaviors, through persuasion: providing information, raising awareness and challenging pre-conceptions.

Question 6

Environmental theory of prevention

Answer 6

systems dynamic models, ecological psychology

Question 7

Developmental theory for prevention

Answer 7

social learning theory, social control theory, attachment theory,

Question 8

Cognitive theory for prevention

Answer 8

health belief model, health action process approach, theories of reasoned action/planned behavior.

Question 9

Gibson

Answer 9

..argued that animals and humans stand in an “ecological” relation to the environment, such that to adequately explain behavior it was necessary to study the environment or niche in which the behavior occurs.