prevention Flashcards
gingivitis etiology
bacteria plaque
caries risk criterias
past caries experience dietary sugar intake fluoride fissure sealants oral hygiene microflora saliva
breast feeding
recommendation to continue after eruption of first primary tooth and introduction of other carbohydrates encouraged to 1 year old.
WHO recommends for the first 6 months cos:
lower protein and mineral good for kidney, nutrients and T cell immunity
frequency of feeding should be balanced with oral hygiene practice after feeding
say: do not on demand breast feed
if not you kenna early childhood caries
have to transition to solid food about 6 months for nutrients and getting used to food products and allergies
what about milk bottle feeding
infants should not be put to sleep with a bottle containing fermentable carbs
learn to drink from a cup from age 1
brushing after last feed
why is infant formula bad
longer time to finish drinking milk
longer time for bacteria to feed
fortified and high caloric and high cariogenic
what about juice?
1-6 years old recommended to drink 100-200ml per day, but frequency is more imp than quantity
reduce acidic stuff, fruits are also acidic hor
tooth brushing practices
0-6mon: wipe with gauze to let them get used to the practice
6-8 mon: first tooth, use bristled tooth brush
1st dental visit when first tooth erupts or 1yr: quick examination
12 mon: tooth paste, wipe off with gauze
24-36mon: can start spitting, can use pea size fluoridated tooth paste 1000ppm
chemical plaque control
short term chlorhex for children above 6
fluoride mouth rinse
for high caries risk: radiotherapy, orthodontic treatment
for children above 6
professional application
apply 2-4 times anually depending on caries risk
fluoride varnish: 22600ppm
antimicrobial application
CHX gel/varnish
10% providone-iodine solution on teeth of infants at high risk
(not done in SG)
silver diamine fluoride conc mechanism indications contras disadv steps
conc: 38% 44800ppm fluoride, 255000 ppm silver
stronger effect cos high ass concentration (1 drop 25 microliter, 9.5mg of silder diamine fluorideper day can do about 5 teeth)
mech: halt progression of caries
antimicrobial effects, promote remin, inhibit collagen degradation
non-invasive approach
indication: hard to manage, behavioural problems, phobia, multiple active caries, cheap
contra: silver allergy, symptomatic or pulpal invoilvement, stomatitis or ulcerative gingival conditions
disadv: black staining everything
steps: isolate, dry, apply with microbraush for 2-3 minutes, blot to remove excess, review in 4-6 weeks lesion should turn really black, review 4-6 monthly, see if you want to fill
nutrition, diet, malnutrition, BMI, nutrition classes vs food classes definition
science of how body uses food to meet its requirements
diet: pattern of individual food intake, eating habits, kinds and amount of food eaten
malnutrition= bad nutrition
can be primary vs secondary, over or under
nutrition is carbs, protein, essential
carbohydrate classification
disaccharides and monosaccharides bad for you, complex carbs and fibers good for you #yuckierbetter xylitol/sorbitol non-cariogenic, xylitol may be anti-cariogenic, later you eat too much you TMD and broke
minerals that you need to know: calcium, phosphorous, fluoride, magnesium
calcium: when teeth is growing cos teeth calcium is binded
phosphorus: deficiency is rare
fluoride: fluorosis
mag: deficiency gives osteoporosis
iron: anaemia
zinc: deficiency loss of taste and smell, delayed wound healing, atrophic mucosa, excess is rare
copper deficient reduce trabeculation, decrease vascularity, excess wilson’s disease
