gingi and perio

Question 1

simple acute gingivitis in children causes

Answer 1

children put things in gums

Question 2

crhonic gingivitis

Answer 2

plaque-induced,
commonly exaxerbated in teenagers due to hormonal changes
unclear etiology: juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (red bumps on gingiva, happens when teeth are erupting), brush better and leave alone

Question 3

anug

Answer 3

common in developing countries, >50% occuring in children below 10 years
from poor oral hygiene, nutrition, other conditions
punched out appearance, ulcerated and necrotic papillae and gingival margin, terrible smell
mxn: brush better, test for underlying causes

Question 4

medication-induced gingival enlargement drugs

Answer 4

phenytoin, cyclosporine, nifedipine
reaction of cells to plaque so tell them to have
***better oral hygiene, surgical removal if its too bad, change drug

Question 5

gingivitis assoc w systemic disease

Answer 5

leukemia (bone infiltration causing gingival symptoms), lymphoma (less), 
aplastic anemia (no plaque but got bleeding), HIV (linear gingival erythema)

Question 6

what other diseases are perio in children associated with

list 6

Answer 6

hematologic/immunologic: cyclic neutropenia (rare, every 120 days period of low neutrophils, child will be sick and lose a bit of bone), chronic idiopathic neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency

genetic condition: chediak higashi syndrome (rare autosomal recessive mutation in lysosomal trafficking regulator gene), downs (trisomy 21 leukocyte issues), papillon-lefevre (palmoplanter hyperkeratosis, calcification of falx cerebri)

endocrine disorders: type 1 diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia, poor wound healing

infection disease: HIV-linear gingival erythema, ANUP

hypophosphatasia: metabolic disorder deficiency of alkaline phosphatase less mineralised tissue (cementum uses alkaline phosphatase) premature loss of primary, will happen to adult teeth also, decrease in height of alveolar bone
histology can confirm diagnosis

langerhan cell histiocytosis: rare hematological disease usually affects children, abnormal proliferation of bone marrow-derived histiocytes, gingival necrosis and hypermobility of teeth, premature eruption
in children as bone is eaten away (like if a molar tooth comes out)

Question 7

where do you find aggressive periodontitis in children

Answer 7

perm incisors and 1st molars

but maybe not systemic condition