Preußen-Einleitung Flashcards
Learn every word within the book Preußen
ableiten
derive, extrapolate, infer, derivate
(Wasser) divert, drain, dissipate
die Schöpfung
creation, conception
bremsen
to curb sth., brake, restrict, moderate, inhibit, retard
auf etw.(akk.) stoßen
butt against, be confronted with, encounter, come across
der Verfechter
advocate, apologist, proponent, stickler, defender, champion
jdn/etw. heimsuchen
haunt, infest, afflict, distress, stalk, plague
durchtrennt Traditionsstränge
severed tradition lines
der Werdegang
career, development, history
sich einschalten
weigh/chime in
einschalten denotes the idea of activating
die Unterwürfigkeit
obsequiousness, subserviance, servility, submissiveness, submission to sbs will
die Aufrüstung
armament, military build-up
die Engstirnigkeit
bigotry, insularity, narrowmindedness
zu Wort kommen
to have one’s say, get a chance to speak
abweichen
deviate, differ, vary, digress
schmieden
(fig.) forge, brew
die Wesenszüge
trait, essence, characteristic trait
die Besatzung
crew, personnel, ships company
(mil.) garrison, occupation, occupying troops,
Ward (lock)
abstehen
protrude, stick out
der Abstand- gap, distance, detachment, clearance
billigen
condone, approve, endorse, grant, grant, permit, sanction
sich(akk.) zu Wort melden
to pipe up, request the floor, raise one’s hand, catch the speaker’s eye
indem
whilst, as, while
etw. lösen, indem man etw. tut- resolve sth by doing sth
frühreif
precocious, premature
die Kurfürsten
elector, prince-elector
Auch heute noch
even today
das Hemmnis
impediment, balk, restraint, hindrance, constraint, delay
ins Stocken geraten/kommen/bringen
to come to a standstill/ falter/bog down
die Aufrechterhaltung
maintenance/maintaining, preservation adherence, upkeep
kreisen um
orbit sth, revolve around sth.
vorrangig
paramount, priority, antecedent, overriding, prior, superior, primarz, urgent
Bedenken aufkommen
concerns emerge/arise/resurface/come up
stürzen
to plunge, topple, tumble, fall(from a great height), nosedive, plummet
overthrow, topple, overturn
ausfeilen
elaborate, polish(Rede, Plan), file down
ausgefeilt- elaborate, sophisticated, polished
appetitlich
appetising, delicious, dainty
verheerend
devastating. disastrous, fatal, cataclysmic
zugleich
likewise, together, concurrently, all at once
überschwänglich
exuberant, effusive, ebullient, gushing, fulsome
akk. beiseiteschieben
to shunt, sideline, puch/cast aside
harbour doubts, hopes, illusions
Zweifel hegen, Hoffnungen hegen
sich akk. Illusionen hingeben
untermauern
underpin, substantiate, corroborate, reinforcem confirm
etw. (akk.) abstoßen
to shed sth., repel, ditch, disgust, chipp off, offload
(abstoßend- repulsive, repellent, repugnant)
to bear the impress of sth.
den Stempel von etw. tragen
vorfinden
find, discover, come upon
(sich- to be found)
das Laster
vice, vices, debauchment, guilty pleasure
(der…- truck lorry)
seit/von jeher
since time immemorial, from year one, always, all along, as long as i can remember
der Gehorsam
obedience, submission
Einstellungen
settings, attitudes (Ansichten)
sich(dat.) etw.(akk.) zulegen
adopt/buy oneself/get onself sth.
sich (akk.) von etw. lösen
(fig.)come adrift, break away, disengage, split off, fall apart (relationship), free oneself, get clear, come loose, come unstuck
drain away (fig. Spannung Druck)
der Verlust
loss, deprivation, forfeiture, sacrifice, damage
der (ausgetretener) Pfad
path, trail, pathway
beaten path/track
nachgeahmt
emulated, artifiical, mimicked, imitated, forged, faked
restlos verschwinden
disappear completely
schlagartig
abruptly, overnight, prompt, suddenly
(akk.) ins Unglück//Chaos stürzen
to ruin sb.
throw sth into chaos/turmoil
unbestechlich
incorruptable, unbribable, unerring
aufgreifen
to capture, continue, apprehend/seize,
take up(participate), pick up on sth.
derart
such, thus, that/this(used to emphasise how much), in such a way
sich etw. (gen.) bedienen
employ, draw on, resort to, make use of sth.
landauf, landab
all over the country
das Wachstum
growth, increase, accretion
ungünstig
adverse, awkward, adversely, inconvenient, inauspicious, unfavourable
die Errungenschaften
achievements, accomplishments, acquisitions
ausbrechen
erupt, escape, burst, bust out,
break out(epidemic, fire, war, illness)
sich behaupten
hold one’s ground/hold steady, assert one’s self, hold one’s own
verwalten
manage, maintain, administer, govern, administrate
an Schwung verlieren
lose momentum, run out of steam, lose steam
nachgeordnet
subordinate, secondary, lower rankin
hegen
hegen und pflegen
cherish (feelings), tend(plants), nurture (ideas ambiotons)
harbour, bear, entertain
pamper sb.
sperrig
bulky, unwieldy, cumbersome, awkward, volumnios
der Hang
propensity, proclivity, inclination
slope
der Anhänger
trailer
disciple, proponent, supporter, pendant, devotee, worshipper, fan
zu jds./etw. Lasten
at sbs. cost, to the disadvantage of sb.
die Lesart
reading, interpretation
das Gebilde
figment, fabric, entity, object
das Erbe
heritage, legacy, inheritance
der- -heir, successor
pflichtbewusst
conscientious, dutiful, dutifully
Bis weit in … hinein
well into the…
auf etw.(dat.) lasten
weigh on sth, bear down on sth(threaten oppress), rest/lie heavily on sb.,
lasten auf etw.(dat.)- ride on (depend on sth.)
zeichnen
draw, sketch, chart, sign, subscribe
depict, portray, scar(fig.)
bedacht
prudent, cautious, deliberate, considered, thoughtful
der Bedacht- deliberation, caution, consideration
verbleichen
to fade/pass away
Dieses rosarote Bild verblich
weitgehend
by and large, extensive, widely, broadly, sweeping, generally, substantial,
der raue kriegslüsterne Termitenstaat preußenfeindlicher Abhandlungen
the harsh, bellicose termite state of anti-Prussian treatises
schablonenhaft
formulaic, cliched, stereotyped, in chliches
ebnen (geebnet)
to smooth, level, flatten, level off
den Weg ebnen- to smooth the ways for sb
wohlwollend
benevolent, favourable(y), sympathetic, generous, benignly, gracious(ly)
unter dem Gesichtspunkt
from the perspective/aspect/viewpoint
jmd/etw zukommen
auf jdn zukommen
befit/ become sb., belong to sth
approach sb. head sb.’s way (be in store for sb, lie ahead of sb.)
der Fluch
curse, bane, anathema, cuss, blasphemy, hex
___ hegen:
Groll, Hass, Missfallen, Rachegedanken, Verdacht, Vorurteile
bear a grudge/grudges
nourish hatred
conceive a dislike
harbour thoughts of revenge
entertain suspicion
be prejudiced
bescheiden
modest, humble, frugal, unassuming, unpretentios
wechselvoll
varied, checkered, changeful
eingliedern
incorporate, dovetail, integrate, embed, absorb
einschätzen
rate as (als), assess, estimate, appraise, value
ins Wanken bringen
to cause to alter/rock/sway
jdn/etw….-stagger/unhinge, shgake the foundation of sth.
damit zugleich
ipso facto (by that very fact)
demzufolge/der zufolge
according to which, according to whom
Das von ihnen gezeichnete Preußen war…
The Prussia portrayed by them was…
jdn zurückdrängen
repress, drive sth back, force/push
nachverfolgen
monitor, file, track, backtrace, follow up, keep track of sth.
die Überreste
the remains, remnants, leftovers
demzufolge
whereby, hence, therefore, ergo, consequently
die Ausprägung
characteristic, manifestation, peculiarity, form, shape
vehemently
vehement, heftig, ungestüm, leidenschaftlich
die Aufrechterhaltung
maintenance, maintaining, preservation, adherence, uokeep
aufflackern
to kindle (arouse interest), blaze, flare up
zeitgenössisch
contemporary
verheeren
to ravage, devastate, harry, lay waste akk.
vielmehr
Rather, instead, in fact, on the contrary, to a greater degree
oder vielmehr- or rather
der (Werte)verfall
(decline in values), decay, detioration
adelig
noble
sich etw. dat. entziehen
dodge, evade, elude sth
nach und nach
as we go along, bit by bit, gradually, little by little
langwierig
protracted, lengthy, tedious, interminable, prolonged, long-winded
gesamt
entire, whole, comprehensive
bis dahin
before then, by then, heretofore, hitherto, until then
langen Schatten auf etw. (akk.) werfen
cast a long shadow over sth.
im Gang
in progress,
könnte “well underway” sein
etw.(dat.) seinen Stempel aufdrücken
to put one’s stamp/mark on sth.
der Herzogtum
duchy, dukedom
übertroffen
exceeded, surpassed, outdone, excelled
die Untertanen
subjects (to a monarchy)
schmachvoll
ignomious, humiliating, disgraceful(ly)
die Plage
plague, infestation, pest,
nuisance, bother, Ärgernis
grind, (Schwerarbeit)
die Verwaltung
administration, maintenance, management
uneigennützig
selfless, unselfish, altruistic, free from selfish motive
die Sichtweise
perception, perspective, viewpoint
etw. akk. Leben einhauchen
breathe life into sth.
neues Leben- revitalize
aufs Engste verweben
in the minutest detail, intimately intertwine/interweave
das Gemeinwohl
common good, public welfare, commonweal
die Geister an etw.(dat.) sich scheiden
Opinions are divided about…
die Orientierungslosigkeit
disorientation
,so war zu nehmen,
so it was heard/said
die Verlegung des Regierungssitzes
relocation of the seat of government
abwechseln
alternate, change, rotate
(sich(akk.) mit/bei …- take turns, alternate
hitzig
fiery, heated, stormy, hotly, highly charged
unauffällig
unobtrusive, inconspicuous, ordinary, unremarkable, nondescript
(hohe) Wellen schlagen
()make massive waves, create a stir, cause ripples
gleichwohl
nevertheless, nonetheless, anyhow, however, all the same
vorwegnehmen
anticipate, preempt, forestall, use in advance
vorweg-beforehand, in front
ausdehnen
expand, extend, widen, broaden spread
sich auf. etw. stürzen
make a bolt for sth., leap at sth, make a dash for sth.
die Ausgangslage
initial/starting positions/situation,
herausarbeiten
to work out (bring about by work, effort, or action), carve out
die Deutung
interpretation, explanaiton, construal, reading
affliction
das Leiden, Krankheit,
das Gebrechen(disability),
die Bedrängnis(hardship, distress),
der Kummer (grief, woe, anguish),
die Qual(agony torture, anguish),
die Trübsal
auf jdn zukommen
to be heading sbs. way, be in store for sb. lie ahead of sb./sth.
etw. (akk.) in den Vordergrund rücken/
stellen
place special emphasis on/give priority to sth.,
come to the fore (auch treten)
ereilen
befall, overtake sb(fate)
die Tugend
virtue, goodness
die Geltung
zur Geltung
worth, validity, prestige, legitimacy, authority, prestigiousness
to fruition
tilgen
jdn./etw. vom Angesicht der Erde tilgen
(fin.) redeem, settle, compound, liquidate
extinguish, obliterate, delete, erase(writing)
die Sorgfalt
diligence, rigor, accuracy, caution, care(fulness)
an den Rand drängen
marginalise
die Aufmerksamkeit auf etw. lenken
(steer, lead, direct, drive, mastermind)
draw/direct attention to something
die Erhabenheit
grandeur, dignity, sublimity,
transcendance, superiority, majesty
mit etw. Schritt halten
keep pace/up with sth.
compete with sb. (no one can compete with…)
jdm./et. (dat.) zukommen
befit/become sb.
belong to sb., be assigned to sth,
die Umwälzung
upheaval, catastrophe, revolution
verschlafen
sleepy, drowsy, sedate bleary, overslept
herausgehoben
stressed/accentuated
die Planmäßigkeit
orderliness
engstirnig
bigoted, parochial, insular, small-minded
ausgeprägt
distinct, marked, pronounced, distinctive
erlassen
waive(debt), enact/issue (law), decree, remit, exempt, cancel, abate
gipfeln (in)
to peak, culminate in
die Neuzeit
modern era/period (hist. ca. 1450-1850)
fällen
chop down
render a verdict (jur.)
an den Rand drängen
marginalise sb
das Attentat
assassination (auf jdn)
gezähmt
tamed
(zähmen)-tame, domesticate, subdue
etw. (akk.) (unbeschadet) überstehen
withstand, overcome, survive, weather, come through
(come through unscathed/ be none the worse for sth.)
die Umbettung
transfer of remains
(umbetten- rebury, move the remains)
zugleich
likewise, together, unanimously, concurrently, all at once
(mit.- along with (prep.))
das Vorhandensein
existence, presence, availability, occurrence
ganz zu schweigen von etw.
not to mention, much less, let alone sth.
der Gutsbesitzer
squire, landowner, estate owner
