PreTest Medicine: Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Flashcards
The most common features that lead to nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome are ________________.
renal failure and volume loss
Describe the time course of postpartum thyroiditis.
1) Hyperthyroid due to autoimmune attack
2) Hypothyroid due to destroyed thyroid
3) Euthyroid due to resolution of autoimmune attack and recovery of thyroid
What features delineate hyperthyroidism from thyroid storm?
- Severe tachycardia
- CHF
- AMS
- Fever
With any of these features, you need to admit the person to the ICU because mortality is high (10% with treatment!).
According to PreTest, if an adrenal incidentaloma is greater than 2 cm, you need to _________________.
exclude a functioning tumor (dexamethasone suppression test, metanephrines, cortisol, and aldosterone:renin ratio)
If a thyroid nodule is less than _____ cm (and otherwise benign-appearing), you do not need to biopsy.
1
What do you test to evaluate for low testosterone?
Serum total testosterone
How do you treat Paget disease of the bone?
High-dose bisphosphonates
What infections can cause adrenal insufficiency?
- Tuberculosis
* Meningitis
Describe MODY and LADA.
- MODY: DM2 in people younger than 20
* LADA: DM1 in people older than 20
How should you manage subclinical hypothyroidism?
Follow up TSH and free T4 in 3-6 months and monitor for symptoms of hypothyroidism.
In addition to the five P’s, what lab abnormalities can be seen in pheochromocytoma?
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyperglycemia
- Erythrocytosis
Get an IGF-1 to evaluate for ______________.
acromegaly
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors are also called _______________.
arrhenoblastoma
Cushing disease is most common in _______________.
women of child-bearing age
Describe empty sella syndrome.
In those with increased ICP, the CSF can press down into the sella and cause headaches. Pituitary function is not impaired. It is common in obese women.
