PRESSURE GROUP TACTICS AND METHODS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main methods used of pressure groups

A

Political campaigning

Lobbying

Direct action

Boycotts

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2
Q

Plenty of Us pressure groups focus especially on what vs uk

A

Securing the election of candidates favourable to them

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3
Q

Many groups make campaign donations though what

A

PACs and super PACs

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4
Q

Who are EMILY’s list

A

a pressure group that works to select and elect pro-choice politicians to congress

All group distributed goes to liberal, female candidates

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5
Q

How much did EMILY’s list donate over 2020 election

A

45m

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6
Q

groups often endorse who

A

Candidates

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7
Q

Some groups issue what at election time

A

Voting records of how candidates voted in the past

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8
Q

What are access points

A

Different levels and institutions of gov groups will target to influence

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9
Q

what are 3 access points

A

Congress
State legislatures
Federal agencies

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10
Q

What is the most effective method of a group

A

Lobbying

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11
Q

many pressure groups have offices where so they can do what

A

Washington dc and state capitals

Supply specialist policy information to legislators

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12
Q

What is K street

A

A street in washington dc where many big lobbying firms are based

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13
Q

Many lobbyists are what

A

former members of congress or former high-ranking federal bureaucrats

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14
Q

What is the revolving door syndrome

A

When former legislators or bureaucrats go from positions in the legislature or executive into lobbying

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15
Q

What did trump do for lobbying

A

2017 issued an executive order that members of his administration couldn’t lobby for 5 years after leaving

Revoked the order on his last day in office jan 2021

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16
Q

Lobbying what federal agency can be effective

A

Environment protection agency

17
Q

What happened to the 2010 Dodd-frank act

A

By 2014 federal agencies had only written 200 of the 400 required regulations

This delay was due to extensive lobbying

18
Q

What are “amicus curiae briefs”

A

documents made by lawyers and contain info to influence judges

19
Q

Example of a case with amicus curiae briefs

A

in 2021 80 briefs were presented during the fulton V philadelphia case

Case about city council withdrawing a fostering contract with a roman catholic adoption service not allowing gay-couples to adopt

20
Q

How many amicus curiae briefs were submitted for obergefell v hodges

A

148 record

21
Q

How many amicus curiae briefs were submitted for brown vs board of education of topeka

22
Q

Groups often lobby the senate over what

A

USSC nominees

23
Q

Example of groups campaigning against a USSC nomination

A

Many women’s and civil rights groups strongly lobbied against Bork’s nomination in 1987

24
Q

What is the most commonly used method used by outsider groups

A

direct action

25
Most direct action takes the form of what
Mass demonstrations but can include strikes
26
What movement heavily used direct action
MLK and civil rights in 1950's and 1960's
27
direct action can get associated with what
Riots and violence
28
Example of a violent direct action
BLM protest in 2016 led to 5 police officers dying
29
Example of direct action over gun control
Following school shootings in florida in 2018 hundreds and thousands of students took part in "march for our lives" campaign for gun control
30
Example of direct action causing a riot
jan 2021 capitol attack Done as right-wing conservative groups thought election was rigged
31
Is direct action more effective than lobbying
no
32
Arguments that lobbying is more effective than direct action
Publicity hard to contain over a long-term can be linked to violence and law-breaking
33
Example of a boycott
Rosa parks in the montgomery bus boycott in 1955-56
34
Economic pressure used by who to pressure law-makers
Businesses and celebrities