Presidential Exam Review Flashcards
Everything President Washington did set a precedent for later American Presidents. Which area of presidential precedent have historians determined to be his most significant precedent?
Establishment of the presidential cabinet
Which of the following presidential advisers to Washington is mis-matched with the function he performed in the Washington Administration?
Henry Knox as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What major crop would radically affect the economy of the nation forever after it was introduced during the Washington Administration in 1792?
Cotton
Alexander Hamilton became the financial wizard of the Washington Administration by recommending several economic moves. Among these was a bill of assumption to be paid by 8% tariff and…
Excise tax on whiskey production
In Washington’s “Farewell Address to the Nation” he pointed warned against the…
establishment of permanent alliances with foreign nations
John Adams played a major role in ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EVENTS EXCEPT:
Serving as cabinet member to George Washington
Which of the following treaties was the one in which the resolution of the Revolution of 1800 was made under the leadership of John Adams?
Treaty of Mortefontaine
John Adams held a firm, consistent, and almost blind proclivity for which of the following nations of Europe?
Great Britain
Which of the following exclamations did John Adams give voice when he heard about the XYZ Affair?
“We will spend millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!”
The two issues that faced John Adams during his Presidential Administration were the Alien & Sedition Acts and…
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
Thomas Jefferson’s vision of the good society included ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXECPT:
An economy that relied on the national government to provide subsidies
The issue upon which Jefferson changed his view of strict construction of the Constitution was:
The Lewis and Clark Expedition and Louisiana Purchase
According to Thomas Jefferson, which of the following was most vital to the security of the United States in 1803?
New Orleans
In his first inaugural address Jefferson was pledged to the task of
Repudiating the debt of the United States
The unforeseen relocation of power within the Federal Government came as the result of…
Marbury vs Madison
In which of the following events does James Madison, NOT play a major and determinative role?
A Justice of the Supreme Court
A rising new young and dynamic group of men elected to Congress while Madison was the President included ALL EXCEPT:
Andrew Jackson
Which of the following was NOT a unique long range cause of the War of 1812?
Anti-Spanish ethnicity
What diplomatic conference ended the War of 1812 and thus achieved American nationalism from Britain, once and for all.
Treaty of Ghent
Which of the following events expressed dissatisfaction with the War of 1812, and can be called the first American anti-war movement?
Hartford Convention
Which of the following events or developments happen while James Monroe was President, but, which he had very little to with their development? Which is the lone EXCEPTION to this assertion?
Recognition of Latin American Independence movements
The Monroe Doctrine was issued in response to
the threat of the Quadruple Alliance to reestablish Spanish Power in the Americas
The Monroe Doctrine, which has been the foundation of American foreign policy, was brilliant bold step taken by which of the following secretaries of state?
John Quincy Adams
The Monroe Administration was called “The Era of Good Feelings” because of
the dominance of one major party
Thomas Jefferson, commenting on the Missouri compromise under James Monroe called it
A fire bell in the night
John Quincy Adams have the distinction of being all of the following except
The first pro-Western politician on the national scene
Which of the following is true of the John Q Adams administration
Adams refuse to use the spoil system and dismiss public workers to fill their jobs with political supporters
It has been claimed that John Q Adams
Did his finest work for the American before and after he was President
Which of the following historical issues did not occur under John Q Adams
Joseph Smith establishes the Mormon religion in Kirtland Ohio
John Quincy Adams was president who dealt with revolutions of all but which of the following
Gender and revolutionary issues
Jackson was the forerunner of which late 19 century movement
Populism
During the age of Jackson, democracy was characterized by which of the following changes
The percent of eligible voters casting ballots increased with each election as mass politics became a popular activity
Which was the major item have to be in the election of 1828 which saw the ascension of Andrew Jackson to the presidency
Personalities of the candidates
The tariff of 1828 provoked publication of a pamphlet called the South Carolina exposition and protest. This pamphlet offered what solution to the tariff dilemma
Nullification
Considering the issue of government and economics, Andrew Jackson was a
Hard money advocate
What democratic political bureaucrat was the leader of the New York bucktails
Martin Van Buren
The newly formed legislative caucus in New York would by Martin Van Buren was known as
Regency
The consensus great Whig leader of the Van Buren era was
Henry clay
Which of the following events did not transpire under Martin Van Buren
Whig party organized
Which of the following events was considered by many to be Van Buren’s major economic achievement
Large-scale development of railroads
The distinguishing factors about William Henry Harrison as the president of the United States were all except
He was known as old hickory and Billy Budd
The primary advocate of manifest destiny is the public policy of United States government was
James K Polk
James K Polk, send John Slidell to Mexico to
Purchase California
The Oregon Treaty of 1846
Was a reasonable compromise
Which of the following movements did not occur in the 1844 to 1848 period Of US history
Hawthorne writes the Scarlet letter
The cotton gin is to the south as ____ is to ____
Railroad ; west
Mormons are to Utah as _____ is to _____
Catholics ; California
The aggressive administration of President Franklin Pierce sought to
Acquire Cuba
The election of 1852 was genuinely significant in US history because
It doomed the whig party in national political culture of the future
Men who became giants and forerunners of the Civil War era included all except
Henry Clay
The election of 1856 is significant for a variety of reasons. Which of the following is not a 1856 issue
The rendering of the Dred Scott case occurred
James Buchanan openly sided with
Southerners who were proslavery in Kansas over the Lecompton constitution
The period of 1856 to 1860 included all of the following historical crisis except
Buchanan excepted skillful aid of Thurlow weed
Senator William H Seward, Liebold the national political crisis as
An irresponsible conflict
The single greatest impact of actions and events taken during the Buchanan administration was the
Political reemergence of Abraham Lincoln
Which of the following combinations of rivals did Lincoln choose to nominate as cabinet members upon his election of 1860
Seward, Chase, Bates, and Cameron
Which descriptive term most carefully identifies Abe Lincoln’s abolitionist feelings
He was a moral or conscious abolitionist
Which of the following men did not participate in the election of 1860 as a candidate
Buchanan
At the beginning of the Civil War the North had all of the following advantages except
Stronger consensus concerning war aims
Abraham Lincoln viewed the Civil War primarily as a
Test of the inviolability of the union
Andrew Johnson’s conception of what was to be done following the Civil War is best described by the term
Restoration
The remarkable characteristic of Johnson’s reconstruction policy was that it was
Mild and compromising
Historians Thomas a Bailey and David Kennedy have argued that reconstruction was
A more bitter pill for the south to swallow than the war itself
Which post war president of reconstruction signed the now powerful and precedent Setting 14th amendment to the constitution
Andrew Johnson
The reconstruction act of 1867 dealt specifically with
The establishment of military Reconstruction in five districts under Union generals
The major achievement of the grant administration which was actually a process out of its control concerned which of the following issues that dramatically was beneficial to the whole American nation
Allowing the rise of industrialism to go forward unregulated
The most vital trans continental development and railroad building occurred when
The Central Pacific and Union Pacific was joined at Promontary point
Which of the following is not true of the pre-grant years of reconstruction
There were only minimal effects upon African-Americans
Which of the following combination of events was clearly outside the period of the administration of President Ulysses S Grant
Publication of the adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Atlanta compromise
Which of the following massacres occurred during the presidential watch of ulysses S Grant
The Colfax massacre
At the time of his inauguration, President Hayes was viewed by majority of the American people as having been
Elected by fraud
During Hayes administration, he was able to gain recognition as reformer and fighter against
Abusive porkbarrel writers to essential appropriations bills
A common feature of Southern agriculture under the Hayes administration was
Sharecropping
Which of the late 19 century issues does not affect the administration of James a Garfield
James G Blaine change political parties after Garfield’s nomination
Who among the following became the colorful, magnetic, powerful Secretary of State, during garfield’s presidency in much the same fashion William H Seward did under Lincoln
James G Blaine
The presidential successor to Garfield, due to the assassin’s bullet, Arthur is known for each of the following except
Arthur was a major foreign-policy expert
Grover Cleveland became the first president after 1868 to
Break Republican control of the White House
The Cleveland plain campaign of 1884 was aimed primarily at
Exposing the personal shortcomings of the candidates
Which combination of two laws was Grover Cleveland famous for signing
Interstate commerce act and Dawes severalty act
Benjamin Harrison is most commonly identified with and responsible for
Billion dollar out of control Congress of 1890
William G McKinley was the first Gilded Age president to focus on aggressive
Development of imperialism in foreign-policy matters
Which member of Lincoln’s team of rivals was retained by McKinley to run the foreign-policy of the US
William Henry Seward
Men who made a major impact upon foreign affairs in the Gilded Age include all of the following except
Samuel Gompers
The week and ineffective presidents of the gilded age where complemented by powerful
Secretaries of State
The primary feature of American government during those years signaled the development of
Powerful centralized government
Who was the first American president to drop popular attention to the need for a national conservation policy
Theodore Roosevelt
Which of the following items of modern power structures with Theodore Roosevelt have rejected is unacceptable
Fanaticism
Which of the following deals did Theodore Roosevelt proposed the American people
Square deal
Which of the following items was not an action of President Theodore Roosevelt
Veto veterans pension bill
Theater Roosevelt on the Nobel Prize in 1906 for helping bring an end to a war between which combination of two nations
Japan and Russia
Roosevelt victory in the Northern securities company case of 1904 was his first significant trust busting effort; was aimed at unpopular railroad industry in which of the following captains of industry
James J Hill
The economic oriented foreign-policy of the man who succeeded Theodore Roosevelt was president was known as
Dollar diplomacy
He graduated second in his class that you was in an viable lawyer in a traditional scholar. Which of the following progressive is historian David Kennedy talking about
William Howard Taft
Which of the following issues were not issues on which Taft had to deal during his single term as president of United States
Impeachment crisis
What did to have to call the supporters of Theodore Roosevelt when he returned to oppose Taft in 1912
Emotional and neurotic
At the beginning of the 20th century Woodrow Wilson ascended to the White House with a profound sense of
Idealism
Wilson by any standard of judgment was a(n) _____ President in 1912 in the first term of office
Minority
Which of the following trust did Wilson go after upon his election to the presidency
Banking
Woodrow Wilson was fundamentally opposite has two progressive presidential predecessors and that he hated which of the following
Imperialism
Wilson did not confront any of the basic causes of the war that led to World War I except he did not approve of
Imperialism
Wilson push societies envelope by appointing a man to the Supreme Court who he knew would be controversial. That person was
Louis D Brandeis
The chief cause for the entry of United States into World War I, was Germany’s
Resumption of submarine warfare
Which of the following tandem issues were not long range causes of warfare in the first half of the 20th century
Manifest destiny and neutrality
Wilsons a valid intentions and going to the Versallies peace conference was to
Achieve the provisions of the 14 points
The battle which the Americans took the primary role of holding the Central Powers was
Muese Argonne Forest
Under President Harding the US
Sacrificed potential naval superiority
The Washington Naval conference of 1921 to 1922
Improve the tense atmosphere in the Pacific
The Ohio gang include which pair of man appointed by Warren Harding
Harry M Daughtery and Albert B fall
President Calvin Coolidge preside over a nation that was affected by all of the following except
A blistering depression and war
Thomas Edison was to the Gilded Age as ____ was to ____
Henry Ford; the Jazz age
One of the Great writers of the age who, in terms of the way he lived, and the themes of his literary works, the author most representative of the lost generation was
Ernest Hemingway
Which of the following diplomatic treatises and attending doctrines was written and applied during the Herbert Hoover administration
Clark Memorandum—good neighbor policy
What are the following is not true about Herbert Hoover
He was a Gregarious outgoing and social man who merged easily in high society
Which of the following issues was not a long-range cause of the Great Depression which confronted Herbert Hoover
Overregulation of securities and exchange commission
Hoover’s presidential theme was
Rugged individualism
Which of the following tandem events and statements is true of the 1932 Democratic convention in Chicago
FDR smashed precedent by excepting nomination person//”I pledge to you, I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people.”
FDR’s first new deal aimed at a triad of pre-scriptural solutions to the depression. Which of the following combinations of programs is not correct
Reactionary actions and PWA, beer and wine acts, RFC
FDR made many historical decisions, but one of the first decisions was a major issue involving women
Appointing Frances Perkins to serve as a secretary of labor and first woman to serve in the presidents cabinet
Which the following economic groups needed Roosevelts attention due to natural disasters
Farmers from the dust bowl states
Which dual set of programs were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court during the new deal years
NRA and AAA
Which two crises enabled FDR to bring the US into the modern world of 1945
World War II and the great depression
William H Seward was to Abraham Lincoln as _____ was to _____
Cordell Hall; Franklin D Roosevelt and
The day that will live in infamy is which of the following
December 7, 1941
What presidential action of FDR did not move this nation toward World War II
Pre-1940 Japanese relocation movement
A major, early set of naval battles that stop Japanese aggression and expansion were
Midway and coral sea
Harry S Truman aided the cause of civil liberty
Desegregation of the Armed Forces of United States
Trumans 20 decisions involving war in the modern world on a level never before known are
The Korean police action in 1950 in the bombing of Hiroshima/Nagasaki
During the second world war civil liberties and United States for most conspicuously violated by the
Relocation of Japanese-Americans
Trumans action to remove General Douglas MacArthur from the committee United States forces during the Korean War exemplifies the constitutional power of
Civilian control of the military
Which of the following World War II military figures became the architect of treatments foreign-policy
General George C Marshall
President Dwight D Eisenhower’s chief Cold War problem was
U2 incident
Which Supreme Court case, rendered under the Eisenhower administration by Chief Justice appointed by Eisenhower, mandated racial integration
Brown versus Board of Education
President Eisenhower’s economic a national unification program was manifest in
Building the New Freeway, Parkway, and ribbons highways
The area of the world where the Cold War was most acutely focused was
Germany
Nuclear weaponry has reached a colossal xenophobia of fear, because of the creation of all except
Defense mechanisms
Which of the following issues did not occur during the Kennedy administration
Serious labor union strikes
John F. Kennedy surrounded himself with what he called, the best and the brightest. Among them were included all except
Thurgood Marshall
There is an interesting and somewhat significant correlation between cabinet members of FDR and JFK, in that they
Were intellectuals from the major universities of the nation
The twin relics of the national crisis and foreign shame that occurred during the Kennedy administration were
Vietnam and civil rights
The single greatest tragedy of Camelot was
Assassinations
In the years from 1963 to 1960 are a complete tragedy for a man who was such a political idealist and moral pragmatist, but it has the plot of an operatic tragedy. Which of the following was the only bright spot in the administration of Lyndon Johnson
War on poverty
What was the single event that dealt Johnson’s credibility a fatal blow
Tet Offensive
Lyndon Johnson’s done the nation in the world in March 1968 with the announcement
That he would not run again
To whom did Richard Nixon appeal and political quest for the presidency
The silent majority
Leading figures appointed by newly elected president for always historically significant in that they are the ones who will set the agenda, formulate the policies, and execute the actions of the government looking forward. Which of The list is generally considered to be a foreign-policy mastermind of the Nixon years
Henry Kissinger
The fascinating term that came to characterize Nixon foreign-policy was
Peace without victory policy
Which of the following two events occurred early in the next administration the both shocked and awed the world
Apollo 11 and Kent State murders
The resignation of Richard Nixon came as the result of the investigation into the
Watergate scandal
Which pair of African-American leaders role holy contrasting views about race relations in America
Martin Luther King and Malcolm X.
What 19th-century concept of politics did both Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger Share in common
Realpolitik
