Presidential Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Everything President Washington did set a precedent for later American Presidents. Which area of presidential precedent have historians determined to be his most significant precedent?

A

Establishment of the presidential cabinet

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2
Q

Which of the following presidential advisers to Washington is mis-matched with the function he performed in the Washington Administration?

A

Henry Knox as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

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3
Q

What major crop would radically affect the economy of the nation forever after it was introduced during the Washington Administration in 1792?

A

Cotton

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4
Q

Alexander Hamilton became the financial wizard of the Washington Administration by recommending several economic moves. Among these was a bill of assumption to be paid by 8% tariff and…

A

Excise tax on whiskey production

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5
Q

In Washington’s “Farewell Address to the Nation” he pointed warned against the…

A

establishment of permanent alliances with foreign nations

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6
Q

John Adams played a major role in ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EVENTS EXCEPT:

A

Serving as cabinet member to George Washington

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7
Q

Which of the following treaties was the one in which the resolution of the Revolution of 1800 was made under the leadership of John Adams?

A

Treaty of Mortefontaine

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8
Q

John Adams held a firm, consistent, and almost blind proclivity for which of the following nations of Europe?

A

Great Britain

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9
Q

Which of the following exclamations did John Adams give voice when he heard about the XYZ Affair?

A

“We will spend millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!”

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10
Q

The two issues that faced John Adams during his Presidential Administration were the Alien & Sedition Acts and…

A

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

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11
Q

Thomas Jefferson’s vision of the good society included ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXECPT:

A

An economy that relied on the national government to provide subsidies

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12
Q

The issue upon which Jefferson changed his view of strict construction of the Constitution was:

A

The Lewis and Clark Expedition and Louisiana Purchase

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13
Q

According to Thomas Jefferson, which of the following was most vital to the security of the United States in 1803?

A

New Orleans

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14
Q

In his first inaugural address Jefferson was pledged to the task of

A

Repudiating the debt of the United States

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15
Q

The unforeseen relocation of power within the Federal Government came as the result of…

A

Marbury vs Madison

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16
Q

In which of the following events does James Madison, NOT play a major and determinative role?

A

A Justice of the Supreme Court

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17
Q

A rising new young and dynamic group of men elected to Congress while Madison was the President included ALL EXCEPT:

A

Andrew Jackson

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18
Q

Which of the following was NOT a unique long range cause of the War of 1812?

A

Anti-Spanish ethnicity

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19
Q

What diplomatic conference ended the War of 1812 and thus achieved American nationalism from Britain, once and for all.

A

Treaty of Ghent

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20
Q

Which of the following events expressed dissatisfaction with the War of 1812, and can be called the first American anti-war movement?

A

Hartford Convention

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21
Q

Which of the following events or developments happen while James Monroe was President, but, which he had very little to with their development? Which is the lone EXCEPTION to this assertion?

A

Recognition of Latin American Independence movements

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22
Q

The Monroe Doctrine was issued in response to

A

the threat of the Quadruple Alliance to reestablish Spanish Power in the Americas

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23
Q

The Monroe Doctrine, which has been the foundation of American foreign policy, was brilliant bold step taken by which of the following secretaries of state?

A

John Quincy Adams

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24
Q

The Monroe Administration was called “The Era of Good Feelings” because of

A

the dominance of one major party

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25
Q

Thomas Jefferson, commenting on the Missouri compromise under James Monroe called it

A

A fire bell in the night

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26
Q

John Quincy Adams have the distinction of being all of the following except

A

The first pro-Western politician on the national scene

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27
Q

Which of the following is true of the John Q Adams administration

A

Adams refuse to use the spoil system and dismiss public workers to fill their jobs with political supporters

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28
Q

It has been claimed that John Q Adams

A

Did his finest work for the American before and after he was President

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29
Q

Which of the following historical issues did not occur under John Q Adams

A

Joseph Smith establishes the Mormon religion in Kirtland Ohio

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30
Q

John Quincy Adams was president who dealt with revolutions of all but which of the following

A

Gender and revolutionary issues

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31
Q

Jackson was the forerunner of which late 19 century movement

A

Populism

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32
Q

During the age of Jackson, democracy was characterized by which of the following changes

A

The percent of eligible voters casting ballots increased with each election as mass politics became a popular activity

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33
Q

Which was the major item have to be in the election of 1828 which saw the ascension of Andrew Jackson to the presidency

A

Personalities of the candidates

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34
Q

The tariff of 1828 provoked publication of a pamphlet called the South Carolina exposition and protest. This pamphlet offered what solution to the tariff dilemma

A

Nullification

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35
Q

Considering the issue of government and economics, Andrew Jackson was a

A

Hard money advocate

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36
Q

What democratic political bureaucrat was the leader of the New York bucktails

A

Martin Van Buren

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37
Q

The newly formed legislative caucus in New York would by Martin Van Buren was known as

A

Regency

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38
Q

The consensus great Whig leader of the Van Buren era was

A

Henry clay

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39
Q

Which of the following events did not transpire under Martin Van Buren

A

Whig party organized

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40
Q

Which of the following events was considered by many to be Van Buren’s major economic achievement

A

Large-scale development of railroads

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41
Q

The distinguishing factors about William Henry Harrison as the president of the United States were all except

A

He was known as old hickory and Billy Budd

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42
Q

The primary advocate of manifest destiny is the public policy of United States government was

A

James K Polk

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43
Q

James K Polk, send John Slidell to Mexico to

A

Purchase California

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44
Q

The Oregon Treaty of 1846

A

Was a reasonable compromise

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45
Q

Which of the following movements did not occur in the 1844 to 1848 period Of US history

A

Hawthorne writes the Scarlet letter

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46
Q

The cotton gin is to the south as ____ is to ____

A

Railroad ; west

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47
Q

Mormons are to Utah as _____ is to _____

A

Catholics ; California

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48
Q

The aggressive administration of President Franklin Pierce sought to

A

Acquire Cuba

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49
Q

The election of 1852 was genuinely significant in US history because

A

It doomed the whig party in national political culture of the future

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50
Q

Men who became giants and forerunners of the Civil War era included all except

A

Henry Clay

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51
Q

The election of 1856 is significant for a variety of reasons. Which of the following is not a 1856 issue

A

The rendering of the Dred Scott case occurred

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52
Q

James Buchanan openly sided with

A

Southerners who were proslavery in Kansas over the Lecompton constitution

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53
Q

The period of 1856 to 1860 included all of the following historical crisis except

A

Buchanan excepted skillful aid of Thurlow weed

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54
Q

Senator William H Seward, Liebold the national political crisis as

A

An irresponsible conflict

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55
Q

The single greatest impact of actions and events taken during the Buchanan administration was the

A

Political reemergence of Abraham Lincoln

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56
Q

Which of the following combinations of rivals did Lincoln choose to nominate as cabinet members upon his election of 1860

A

Seward, Chase, Bates, and Cameron

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57
Q

Which descriptive term most carefully identifies Abe Lincoln’s abolitionist feelings

A

He was a moral or conscious abolitionist

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58
Q

Which of the following men did not participate in the election of 1860 as a candidate

A

Buchanan

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59
Q

At the beginning of the Civil War the North had all of the following advantages except

A

Stronger consensus concerning war aims

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60
Q

Abraham Lincoln viewed the Civil War primarily as a

A

Test of the inviolability of the union

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61
Q

Andrew Johnson’s conception of what was to be done following the Civil War is best described by the term

A

Restoration

62
Q

The remarkable characteristic of Johnson’s reconstruction policy was that it was

A

Mild and compromising

63
Q

Historians Thomas a Bailey and David Kennedy have argued that reconstruction was

A

A more bitter pill for the south to swallow than the war itself

64
Q

Which post war president of reconstruction signed the now powerful and precedent Setting 14th amendment to the constitution

A

Andrew Johnson

65
Q

The reconstruction act of 1867 dealt specifically with

A

The establishment of military Reconstruction in five districts under Union generals

66
Q

The major achievement of the grant administration which was actually a process out of its control concerned which of the following issues that dramatically was beneficial to the whole American nation

A

Allowing the rise of industrialism to go forward unregulated

67
Q

The most vital trans continental development and railroad building occurred when

A

The Central Pacific and Union Pacific was joined at Promontary point

68
Q

Which of the following is not true of the pre-grant years of reconstruction

A

There were only minimal effects upon African-Americans

69
Q

Which of the following combination of events was clearly outside the period of the administration of President Ulysses S Grant

A

Publication of the adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Atlanta compromise

70
Q

Which of the following massacres occurred during the presidential watch of ulysses S Grant

A

The Colfax massacre

71
Q

At the time of his inauguration, President Hayes was viewed by majority of the American people as having been

A

Elected by fraud

72
Q

During Hayes administration, he was able to gain recognition as reformer and fighter against

A

Abusive porkbarrel writers to essential appropriations bills

73
Q

A common feature of Southern agriculture under the Hayes administration was

A

Sharecropping

74
Q

Which of the late 19 century issues does not affect the administration of James a Garfield

A

James G Blaine change political parties after Garfield’s nomination

75
Q

Who among the following became the colorful, magnetic, powerful Secretary of State, during garfield’s presidency in much the same fashion William H Seward did under Lincoln

A

James G Blaine

76
Q

The presidential successor to Garfield, due to the assassin’s bullet, Arthur is known for each of the following except

A

Arthur was a major foreign-policy expert

77
Q

Grover Cleveland became the first president after 1868 to

A

Break Republican control of the White House

78
Q

The Cleveland plain campaign of 1884 was aimed primarily at

A

Exposing the personal shortcomings of the candidates

79
Q

Which combination of two laws was Grover Cleveland famous for signing

A

Interstate commerce act and Dawes severalty act

80
Q

Benjamin Harrison is most commonly identified with and responsible for

A

Billion dollar out of control Congress of 1890

81
Q

William G McKinley was the first Gilded Age president to focus on aggressive

A

Development of imperialism in foreign-policy matters

82
Q

Which member of Lincoln’s team of rivals was retained by McKinley to run the foreign-policy of the US

A

William Henry Seward

83
Q

Men who made a major impact upon foreign affairs in the Gilded Age include all of the following except

A

Samuel Gompers

84
Q

The week and ineffective presidents of the gilded age where complemented by powerful

A

Secretaries of State

85
Q

The primary feature of American government during those years signaled the development of

A

Powerful centralized government

86
Q

Who was the first American president to drop popular attention to the need for a national conservation policy

A

Theodore Roosevelt

87
Q

Which of the following items of modern power structures with Theodore Roosevelt have rejected is unacceptable

A

Fanaticism

88
Q

Which of the following deals did Theodore Roosevelt proposed the American people

A

Square deal

89
Q

Which of the following items was not an action of President Theodore Roosevelt

A

Veto veterans pension bill

90
Q

Theater Roosevelt on the Nobel Prize in 1906 for helping bring an end to a war between which combination of two nations

A

Japan and Russia

91
Q

Roosevelt victory in the Northern securities company case of 1904 was his first significant trust busting effort; was aimed at unpopular railroad industry in which of the following captains of industry

A

James J Hill

92
Q

The economic oriented foreign-policy of the man who succeeded Theodore Roosevelt was president was known as

A

Dollar diplomacy

93
Q

He graduated second in his class that you was in an viable lawyer in a traditional scholar. Which of the following progressive is historian David Kennedy talking about

A

William Howard Taft

94
Q

Which of the following issues were not issues on which Taft had to deal during his single term as president of United States

A

Impeachment crisis

95
Q

What did to have to call the supporters of Theodore Roosevelt when he returned to oppose Taft in 1912

A

Emotional and neurotic

96
Q

At the beginning of the 20th century Woodrow Wilson ascended to the White House with a profound sense of

A

Idealism

97
Q

Wilson by any standard of judgment was a(n) _____ President in 1912 in the first term of office

A

Minority

98
Q

Which of the following trust did Wilson go after upon his election to the presidency

A

Banking

99
Q

Woodrow Wilson was fundamentally opposite has two progressive presidential predecessors and that he hated which of the following

A

Imperialism

100
Q

Wilson did not confront any of the basic causes of the war that led to World War I except he did not approve of

A

Imperialism

101
Q

Wilson push societies envelope by appointing a man to the Supreme Court who he knew would be controversial. That person was

A

Louis D Brandeis

102
Q

The chief cause for the entry of United States into World War I, was Germany’s

A

Resumption of submarine warfare

103
Q

Which of the following tandem issues were not long range causes of warfare in the first half of the 20th century

A

Manifest destiny and neutrality

104
Q

Wilsons a valid intentions and going to the Versallies peace conference was to

A

Achieve the provisions of the 14 points

105
Q

The battle which the Americans took the primary role of holding the Central Powers was

A

Muese Argonne Forest

106
Q

Under President Harding the US

A

Sacrificed potential naval superiority

107
Q

The Washington Naval conference of 1921 to 1922

A

Improve the tense atmosphere in the Pacific

108
Q

The Ohio gang include which pair of man appointed by Warren Harding

A

Harry M Daughtery and Albert B fall

109
Q

President Calvin Coolidge preside over a nation that was affected by all of the following except

A

A blistering depression and war

110
Q

Thomas Edison was to the Gilded Age as ____ was to ____

A

Henry Ford; the Jazz age

111
Q

One of the Great writers of the age who, in terms of the way he lived, and the themes of his literary works, the author most representative of the lost generation was

A

Ernest Hemingway

112
Q

Which of the following diplomatic treatises and attending doctrines was written and applied during the Herbert Hoover administration

A

Clark Memorandum—good neighbor policy

113
Q

What are the following is not true about Herbert Hoover

A

He was a Gregarious outgoing and social man who merged easily in high society

114
Q

Which of the following issues was not a long-range cause of the Great Depression which confronted Herbert Hoover

A

Overregulation of securities and exchange commission

115
Q

Hoover’s presidential theme was

A

Rugged individualism

116
Q

Which of the following tandem events and statements is true of the 1932 Democratic convention in Chicago

A

FDR smashed precedent by excepting nomination person//”I pledge to you, I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people.”

117
Q

FDR’s first new deal aimed at a triad of pre-scriptural solutions to the depression. Which of the following combinations of programs is not correct

A

Reactionary actions and PWA, beer and wine acts, RFC

118
Q

FDR made many historical decisions, but one of the first decisions was a major issue involving women

A

Appointing Frances Perkins to serve as a secretary of labor and first woman to serve in the presidents cabinet

119
Q

Which the following economic groups needed Roosevelts attention due to natural disasters

A

Farmers from the dust bowl states

120
Q

Which dual set of programs were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court during the new deal years

A

NRA and AAA

121
Q

Which two crises enabled FDR to bring the US into the modern world of 1945

A

World War II and the great depression

122
Q

William H Seward was to Abraham Lincoln as _____ was to _____

A

Cordell Hall; Franklin D Roosevelt and

123
Q

The day that will live in infamy is which of the following

A

December 7, 1941

124
Q

What presidential action of FDR did not move this nation toward World War II

A

Pre-1940 Japanese relocation movement

125
Q

A major, early set of naval battles that stop Japanese aggression and expansion were

A

Midway and coral sea

126
Q

Harry S Truman aided the cause of civil liberty

A

Desegregation of the Armed Forces of United States

127
Q

Trumans 20 decisions involving war in the modern world on a level never before known are

A

The Korean police action in 1950 in the bombing of Hiroshima/Nagasaki

128
Q

During the second world war civil liberties and United States for most conspicuously violated by the

A

Relocation of Japanese-Americans

129
Q

Trumans action to remove General Douglas MacArthur from the committee United States forces during the Korean War exemplifies the constitutional power of

A

Civilian control of the military

130
Q

Which of the following World War II military figures became the architect of treatments foreign-policy

A

General George C Marshall

131
Q

President Dwight D Eisenhower’s chief Cold War problem was

A

U2 incident

132
Q

Which Supreme Court case, rendered under the Eisenhower administration by Chief Justice appointed by Eisenhower, mandated racial integration

A

Brown versus Board of Education

133
Q

President Eisenhower’s economic a national unification program was manifest in

A

Building the New Freeway, Parkway, and ribbons highways

134
Q

The area of the world where the Cold War was most acutely focused was

A

Germany

135
Q

Nuclear weaponry has reached a colossal xenophobia of fear, because of the creation of all except

A

Defense mechanisms

136
Q

Which of the following issues did not occur during the Kennedy administration

A

Serious labor union strikes

137
Q

John F. Kennedy surrounded himself with what he called, the best and the brightest. Among them were included all except

A

Thurgood Marshall

138
Q

There is an interesting and somewhat significant correlation between cabinet members of FDR and JFK, in that they

A

Were intellectuals from the major universities of the nation

139
Q

The twin relics of the national crisis and foreign shame that occurred during the Kennedy administration were

A

Vietnam and civil rights

140
Q

The single greatest tragedy of Camelot was

A

Assassinations

141
Q

In the years from 1963 to 1960 are a complete tragedy for a man who was such a political idealist and moral pragmatist, but it has the plot of an operatic tragedy. Which of the following was the only bright spot in the administration of Lyndon Johnson

A

War on poverty

142
Q

What was the single event that dealt Johnson’s credibility a fatal blow

A

Tet Offensive

143
Q

Lyndon Johnson’s done the nation in the world in March 1968 with the announcement

A

That he would not run again

144
Q

To whom did Richard Nixon appeal and political quest for the presidency

A

The silent majority

145
Q

Leading figures appointed by newly elected president for always historically significant in that they are the ones who will set the agenda, formulate the policies, and execute the actions of the government looking forward. Which of The list is generally considered to be a foreign-policy mastermind of the Nixon years

A

Henry Kissinger

146
Q

The fascinating term that came to characterize Nixon foreign-policy was

A

Peace without victory policy

147
Q

Which of the following two events occurred early in the next administration the both shocked and awed the world

A

Apollo 11 and Kent State murders

148
Q

The resignation of Richard Nixon came as the result of the investigation into the

A

Watergate scandal

149
Q

Which pair of African-American leaders role holy contrasting views about race relations in America

A

Martin Luther King and Malcolm X.

150
Q

What 19th-century concept of politics did both Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger Share in common

A

Realpolitik