Chapter 39

Question 1

one reaseon for the decline of American workers’ productivity during the 1970s was

Answer 1

the general shift in the economy from manufacturing to services or could be a drastic decline in workers productivity

Question 2

By the early 1970s, the post-WWII economic boom had crested as a result of all of the following except

Answer 2

the economic recovery of Japan and Germany

Question 3

The high inflation rate of the 1970s stemmed primarily from

Answer 3

LBJs refusal to raise taxes for spending on social welfare programs and the Vietnam war

Question 4

The Nixon Doctrine proclaimed that the US would

Answer 4

honor its existing defense commitment, but that in the future its allies would have to fight their own wars without large numbers of American troops

Question 5

Perhaps Nixon most valuable asset as he began his presidency in 1969 was his

Answer 5

expertise in foreign affairs

Question 6

President Nixon’s policy of “Vietnamization” of the war in Vietnam called for

Answer 6

A gradual handover of the ground war to the South Vietnamese

Question 7

Richard Nixon’s Vietnam policy included all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 7

increased American troop commitments

Question 8

The American armed forces in Vietnam were composed largely of

Answer 8

the least privileged young Americans

Question 9

The __ Amendment lowered the voting age to __

Answer 9

26th; 18

Question 10

The Pentagon Papers, published in 1971

Answer 10

exposed the deception that had led the US into the Vietnam War

Question 11

President Nixon’s chief foreign-policy adviser was

Answer 11

Henry Kissinger

Question 12

Richard Nixon’s policy of detente

Answer 12

ushered in an era of relaxed tensions between the US and the two leading communist powers, China and Soviet Union

Question 13

The decisions of the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren reflected its

Answer 13

deep concern for the individual

Question 14

In Griswold vs Connecticut, the Supreme Court upheld a married couple’s right to use contraceptives based on

Answer 14

the right to privacy

Question 15

When it came to welfare programs, Richard Nixon

Answer 15

supported significant expansionin many areas

Question 16

Richard Nixon’s Philadelphia Plan

Answer 16

required construction trade unions to establish timetables and goals for hiring black apprentices

Question 17

The difference between Lyndon Johnson’s affirmative action programs and those of Richard Nixon was

Answer 17

that Johnson intended to help indiviudals, but Nixon conferred privileges on groups

Question 18

All of the following are legacies of Richard Nixon’s presidency EXCEPT

Answer 18

the Food Stamp program

Question 19

To control creeping inflation in the early 1970s, President Nixon

Answer 19

imposed a ninety day wage and price freeze

Question 20

George McGovern, the Democratics nominee for the presidency in 1972, alienated the traditional working class backbone of the Democratic party

Answer 20

by appealing to racial minorities, feminists, and youth

Question 21

George McGovern, the Democratic party’s presidential nominee in 1972, apealed most strongly to the

Answer 21

antiwar movement

Question 22

The Watergate scandals caused by the actions of Richard Nixon’s staff in the 1972 presidential campaign involved all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 22

ballot stuffing

Question 23

The term “second wave feminism” refers to

Answer 23

those like Betty Friedan who revived feminism in the 1960s and 1970s as a broad movement for women’t rights and opportunities

Question 24

Arrange the following events in chronological order: A) Arab oil embargo, B) Iranian hostage crisis, C) fall of Saigon, D) invasion of Afghanistan

Answer 24

Arab oil embargo, fall of Saigon, Iranian hostage crisis, invasion of Afghanistan

Question 25

Boycotting the 1980 Olympic Games was one measure taken by President Carter in response to

Answer 25

the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Question 26

The SALT II Treaty between the Soviet Union and the US died in the Senate when the Soviets

Answer 26

invaded Afghanistan

Question 27

Moderate and radical feminists differed over all the following issues EXCEPT

Answer 27

women’s right to choose abortion

Question 28

President Carter believed that the fundamental problem of the American economy in the late 1970s was

Answer 28

President Carter believed that the fundamental problem of the American economy in the late 1970s was US dependence on foreign oil

Question 29

President Jimmy Carter’s most spectacular foreign policy achievement was the

Answer 29

Camp David agreement between Israel and Egypt

Question 30

The guiding principle of President Carter’s foreign policy was

Answer 30

human rights

Question 31

James Earl (Jimmy) Carter enjoyed considerable popularity when he won the presidency because

Answer 31

his emphasis on honesty contrasted with the corruptions of Watergate

Question 32

A primary goal of both the first and second wave of Vietnamese refugees was

Answer 32

to keep their large extended families together

Question 33

The first wave of Vietnamese refugees who came to the US in the immediate aftermath of the Vietnam War

Answer 33

were first forced into “assimilation cams” scattered across the country

Question 34

The major goal successfully pursued by Indian civil rights activitists in the 1970s was

Answer 34

recogniton of the semi-sovereign status of the various Indian tribes under American law

Question 35

American Indian activists brought attention to their cause in the 1970s by seizing

Answer 35

Alcatraz island and Wounded Knee, South Dakota

Question 36

The Supreme Court in the Bakke case held that

Answer 36

racial quotas were unconstitutional but race could be taken into account as one factor in college admissions

Question 37

The effect of the Supreme Court ruling in Milliken vs Bradley tha tintegration did not have to take place across school district lines was to

Answer 37

reinforce the division between poorer, minority inner city schools and nearly all white suburbs

Question 38

The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) failed to be ratified by the needed 38 states largely because

Answer 38

an antifeminist backlash led by Phyllis Schlafly stirred sufficient opposition to stop it

Question 39

The Supreme Court case of Roe v Wade declared state laws prohibiting abortioni were unconstitutional because they

Answer 39

violated a woman’s constitutional right to privacy in her own person

Question 40

The proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), passed by Congress in 1972 and eventually ratified by 35 states, stated the following:

Answer 40

“Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or any state on the basis of sex.”

Question 41

Title IX was passed by Congress in 1972 to

Answer 41

prohibit sex discrimination in any federally funded education program or activity

Question 42

The one major social movement born in the 1960s that regained and gathered momentum in the 1970s and after was

Answer 42

the feminist movement

Question 43

The people of the US had provided just about everything for South Vietnam EXCEPT

Answer 43

the will to win the war

Question 44

The Helsinki accords, signed by Gerald Ford and leaders of thirty-four nations

Answer 44

pledge signatories to guarantee certain basic human rights

Question 45

The most controversial action of Gerald Ford’s presidency was

Answer 45

pardoning Nixon for any known or unknown crimes he had committed during the Nixon presidency

Question 46

Nixon tried to resist to giving his taped conversations to the special prosecutor and the Congress by claiming that

Answer 46

he had executive privilege (confidentiality)

Question 47

In an effort to counter OPEC, the US took the lead in forming

Answer 47

the International Energy Agency

Question 48

As a result of US support for Israel in 1973 when it was attacked by Egypt and Syria

Answer 48

Arab nations placed an embargo on oil to America

Question 49

As a result of Richard Nixon’s aerial bombing of neutral Cambodia in 1973

Answer 49

the Cambodian economy was ruined and its politics revolutionized

Question 50

The 1973 War Powers Act

Answer 50

required the president to report to Congress any commitment American troops

Question 51

During the Senate Watergate hearings, oneof the most damaging revelations for Richard Nixon was that

Answer 51

his conversations in person and on the telephone had been recorded on tape

Question 52

Vice President SPiro Agnew was forced to resign in 1973 after being accused of

Answer 52

accepting bribes

Question 53

As part of the cease fire agreement in Vietnam in 1973

Answer 53

the US was to withdraw all of its troops from Vietnam