Present Perfect and Past Simple Flashcards
Present Perfect
have / has + V3 or V-ed
a)
- is always connected with NOW
- the action in the past has a RESULT NOW
b) we use it to give new information or to announce a recent happening
a)
- “Where’s your key?”
“ I don’t know. I’ve lost it.” (I haven’t got it NOW.)
- He told me his name but I’ve forgotten it. (I can’t remember it NOW.)
- “Is Sally here?”
“No, she’s gone out.” (She isn’t here NOW.) - I can’t find my bag. Have you seen it? (do you know where it is now?)
b)
- Ow! I’ve cut my finger! (Have a look it is bleeding!)
- The road is closed. There’s been (there has been) an accident.
- We use the present perfect with:
- ever
- never
- in my life
- how many times ( in my life)
for more information in the past we use past simple
- when?
- who with?
- what?
- how long?, etc.
1)
A: Have you ever been to Japan in your life?
B: No, I haven’t.
I have NEVER been to Japan in my life.
or
A: Have you ever been to Japan in your life?
B: Yes, I have.
I have been to Japan in my life.
A: How many times have you been to Japan in your life?
B: I have been to Japan once in my life.
A: When were you there?
B: I was there last year.
A: Who were you there with?
B: I was there with my friend.
- We use the present perfect with:
- yet
- already
- just
!!! RESULT
!!! Have a look….
‘yet’ is used in negative sentences and questions, usually at the end of a sentence.
‘already’ and ‘just’
are used in positive sentences , usually in the middle of a sentence.
A: Have you done your homework yet?
B: Yes, I have.
I have already done it.
Have a look, it is here on the table. It is ready NOW.
or
A: Have you done your homework yet?
B:No, I haven’t.
I haven’t done my homework yet.
Have a look, it is not finished. I am still working on it.
- We use the present perfect with:
- how long
- for
- since
when we talk about a situation which began in the past, continues till now and is still true now.
We usually use it with state verbs, such as:
- have (= possess something)
- want
- be
- like
- love
- belong
- believe
- …
+
- live
- work
1)
A: How long have you had your car?
B: I have had my car for 5 years.
or
A: How long have you had your car?
B: I have had my car since 2011.
2)
A: How long have you been married?
B: I have been married for 5 years.
I have been married since 2011.
3)
A: How long have you worked for your company?
B: I have worked for my company for 10 years.
I have worked for my company since November 2006.
!!! If you want to know more information, you will usually use past simple:
- How did you begin working for this company?
- Did you like your job straightaway?, etc.
- We use the present perfect when we are talking about a period that continues until now:
- recently
- lately
- in the last few days
- so far
- since breakfast
- for a long time
+
- today
- this morning ( if it is still morning)
- this evening etc.
- Have you heard from George recently?
What has happened in these situations?
- Jack had a beard. Now he hasn’t got a beard. He _______ his beard. (shave off). Have a look!
He has shaved off his beard.
He’s shaved off his beard.
What has happened in these situations?
- Linda was here 5 minutes ago. Now she’s in bed. She….. .
She has gone to bed. She isn’t here now.
She’s gone to bed.
What has happened in these situations?
- The temperature was 25 degrees. Now it is only 17. The temperature … .
The temperature has fallen.
The temperature’s fallen.
What has happened in these situations?
- The light was off. Now it is on. Somebody … .
Somebody has switched on the light.
Somebody’s switched on the light.
What has happened in these situations?
- The tree was only three metres high. Now it is four. The tree … .
The tree has grown.
What has happened in these situations?
- The plane was on the runway a few minutes ago. Now it is in the air. The plane … .
The plane has taken off. Have a look!!!
Present perfect or past simple?
- “Where’s your key?”
“ I don’t know. I ___ it.” (lose)
I’ve lost it.
Present perfect or past simple?
- I ___ very tired, so I lay down on the bed and went to sleep. (be)
I was very tired, … .
Present perfect or past simple?
- Mary ___ to Australia for a while but she’s back again now. (go)
Mary went to Australia… .
Present perfect or past simple?
- ‘Where’s Ken?’
“ He ____ out. He’ll be back in about an hour.’ (go)
He has gone out.
Present perfect or past simple?
- I did German at school but I ____ most of it by now. (forget)
I have forgotten most of it by now.
Present perfect or past simple?
- I meant to phone Diane last night but I _____ . (forget)
…. I forgot.
Present perfect or past simple?
- I ____ a headache earlier but I feel fine now. (have)
I had a headache…. .
Present perfect or past simple?
- Look! There’s an ambulance over there. There _____ an accident. (be)
… there has been an accident.
Present perfect or past simple?
- They’re still building the new road. They ____ it. (not/finish)
They haven’t finished it.
Present perfect or past simple?
- ‘Is Helen still here?’
‘No, she ___ out.’(just/go)
No, she has just gone out.
Present perfect or past simple?
- The police ___ three people but later they let them go. (arrest)
The police arrested three people … .
Present perfect or past simple?
- Ann ___ me her address the other day but I’m afraid I ___ it. (give/lose)
Ann gave me her address but I am afraid I’ve lost it.
Present perfect or past simple?
- Where’s my bike? It ____ outside the house a few minutes ago. It ____ ! (be/ disappear)
It was outside the house a few minutes ago. It has disappeared!
Present perfect or past simple?
- What do you think of my English? Do you think ____? (improve)
Do you think it has improved?
Right or wrong?
- Do you know about Sue? She’s given up her job.
Right
Right or wrong?
- The Chinese have invented printing.
Wrong. The Chinese invented
Right or wrong?
- How many plays did Shakespeare write?
Right
Right or wrong?
- Have you read any of Shakespeare’s plays?
Right
Right or wrong?
Aristotle has been a Greek philosopher.
Wrong
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher.
Right or wrong?
Ow! I’ve cut my finger. It’s bleeding.
Right
Right or wrong?
My grandparents have got married in London in 1965.
Wrong
My grandparents got married
Right or wrong?
Where and when have you been born?
Wrong
Where were you born?
Right or wrong?
Mary isn’t at home. She’s gone shopping.
Right
Right or wrong?
Albert Einstein has been the scientist who has developed the theory of relativity.
Wrong
Albert Einstein was the scientist who developed the theory of relativity.
Present perfect or past simple?
- A: Look! Somebody ___ (spill) coffee on the carpet.
B: Well, it ____ (not/be) me. I ____ (not/do) it.
A: Look! Somebody has spilt coffee on the carpet.
B: Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
Present perfect or past simple?
2.
A: Ben _____ (break) his leg.
B: Really? How _____ (that/happen)?
A: He _____ (fall) off a ladder.
A: Ben has broken his leg.
B: Really? How did that happen?
A: He fell of a ladder.
Present perfect or past simple?
3.
A: Your hair looks nice. _____ (you/have) a haircut?
B: Yes.
A; Who ____ (cut) it?
_____ (you/go) to the hairdresser?
B: No, a friend of mine _____ (do) it for me.
A: Your hair looks nice. Have you had a haircut?
B: Yes.
A; Who cut it?
Did you go to the hairdresser?
B: No, a friend of mine did it for me.
Right or wrong?
- I’ve lost my key. I can’t find it anywhere.
Right
Right or wrong?
- Have you seen the news on television last night?
Wrong
Did you see
Right or wrong?
- I’ve bought a new car. Do you want to see it?
Right
Right or wrong?
- I’ve bought a new car last week.
Wrong
I bought
Right or wrong?
- Where have you been yesterday evening?
Wrong
Where were you
Right or wrong?
- Jenny has left school in 1991.
Wrong
Jenny left school
Right or wrong?
- I’m looking for Mike. Have you seen him?
Right
Right or wrong?
- I’m very hungry. I haven’t eaten anything today.
Right
Right or wrong?
- Diane hasn’t been at work yesterday.
Wrong
Diane wasn’t
Right or wrong?
- When has this book been published?
Wrong
When was this book published?
What has happened in your life recently? What news do you have?
e.g.: We have elected the new head of our Students’ Council.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- it / not / rain / this week
It hasn’t rained this week.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- the weather / be / cold / recently
The weather has been cold recently.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- it / cold / last week
It was cold last week.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- I / not / read / a newspaper / yeasterday
I didn’t read a newspaper yesterday.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- I / not / read / a newspaper / today
I haven’t read a newspaper today.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- Ann / earn / a lot of money / this year
Ann has earned a lot of money this year.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- Ann / not / ear / much money / last year.
Ann didn’t earn much money last year.
Make sentences. Use the present perfect or past simple.
- you / have / a holiday / recently?
Have you had a holiday recently?
Present perfect or past simple?
- I don’t know where Amy is. ___ (you/see) her?
Have you seen her?
Present perfect or past simple?
- When I ____ (get) home last night, I ___ (be) very tired and I ___ (go) straight to bed.
When I got home last night, I was very tired and I went straight to bed.
What did you do yesterday evening?
e.g. When I came home yesterday I …
Present perfect or past simple?
- Your car looks very clean. ___ (you/wash) it?
Have you washed it?
Present perfect or past simple?
- George ____ (not/be) very well last week.
George wasn’t very well last week.
Present perfect or past simple?
- Mr Clark _____ (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
Mr Clark worked
Present perfect or past simple?
- Molly lives in Dublin. She _____ (live) there all her life.
She has lived there
Present perfect or past simple?
7.
A: ‘_____ ( you / go) to the cinema last night?’
B: ‘Yes, but it ___ (be) a mistake. The film ___ (be) awful.’
A: ‘Did you go to the cinema last night?’
B: ‘Yes, but it was a mistake. The film was awful.’
Present perfect or past simple?
- I don’t know Carol’s husband. I _____ (never/meet/him).
I have never met him.
Present perfect or past simple?
9. A: Is your father at home? B: No, I'm afraid he \_\_\_\_ (go) out. A: When exactly \_\_\_\_\_ (he/go) out? B: About ten minutes ago.
No, I’m afraid he has gone out.
When exactly did he go out?
Present perfect or past simple?
10. A: Where do you live? B: In Boston. A: How long \_\_\_ (you/live) there? B: Five years. A: Where \_\_\_\_\_ (you/live) before that? B: In Chicago. A: And how long \_\_\_ (you/live) in Chicago? B: Two years.
A: Where do you live? B: In Boston. A: How long have you lived there? B: Five years. A: Where did you live before that? B: In Chicago. A: And how long did you live in Chicago? B: Two years.
