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Fall 2020 Primary Care FNP > Preschool > Flashcards

Preschool Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Preschool

Age

A

3-5 yo

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2
Q

Erikson’s Developmental Theories

What stage?

  • _____ activity (physical and intellectual)
  • They like to _____ actions that result in a purposeful activity
  • They like activities that are motivated by re____ from st_____
  • They are sensitive to cr_____, may develop feelings of g___ and in_____
A

Initiative vs. Guilt

  • Initiate
  • Imitate
  • response from stimuli
  • criticism, guilt, inadequacy
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3
Q

3 years: Social, Cognitive, Emotional Milestones

  • ______ (me, me, me)
  • Tolerates periods of _____ from parents
  • Have night____, fe___
  • Im_____ adults and playmates
  • Inq___ and ____ative
  • Follows dir_____ commands
  • Engage in both _____ and _____ play
  • Play make-_____
  • Sorts objects by sh____ and c_____ and perceived fun_____ (mommy, daddy, etc)
  • Temper tantrums are?
A
  • EGOCENTRIC
  • separation
  • nightmares, fears
  • Imitates
  • Inquisitive, talkative
  • directional
  • parallel and associative play
  • make believe
  • shape, color, function
  • not uncommon
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4
Q

3 Years: Milestones Language

  • Vocabulary about ____ words
    • Speaks in __-__ word sentences
    • Speech mostly in____
    • Can say a__, n___, s___
  • _____ words
  • ____ songs with special words
    • ​1900 children missing 2020
A
  • 900
    • 4-5
    • intelligible
    • age, name, sex
  • Special
  • Love
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5
Q

3y Milestones: Motor Development

  • C____, W____, _____ feet in stair climbing
    • Opens ____, turns ____
    • Builds tower of __ blocks
    • Holds p____, draws what shape?
    • Feeds ____
    • Can put some ____ and shoes
    • Peddles ____ (safety issue helmets important)
A
  • Climbs, Walks, Alternates
    • doors, knobs
    • 9 blocks
    • pencil, circle
    • self
    • clothing
    • tricycle
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6
Q

4y Milestones: Social, Cognitive, Emotional

  • ____ egocentric
  • ______ play
  • Better understanding of ____
  • Follows ___-part commands
  • Correctly names c_____
  • Understands concept of ____ing
A
  • Less
  • Associative (social play)
  • time
  • 3 part commands
  • colors
  • counting

Cognitive/social deficits/developmental delays should have been recognized by now

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7
Q

4y Milestones: Language

  • Vocabulary about _____ words
    • Speaks in __-__ word sentences
    • Tells st_____
    • Follows basic ______ rules
A
  • 1500
    • 5-6
    • stories
    • grammatical
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8
Q

4y Milestones: Motor Development

  • Sk_____, ____ on one foot
    • ____ ball
    • Uses sc____, can cut and paste
    • Walks on ___toes
    • D____ and __dresses with supervision (__ laces, zippers, buttons)
    • Copies what shape?
    • Copies what type of letters?
    • ____ own teeth, ___ own hands
A
  • Skipping, hop on one foot
    • Catches
    • Scissors
    • tiptoes
    • Dresses, undresses (no laces, zip, buttons)
    • Square
    • Uppercase
    • brushes teeth, washes hands
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9
Q

5y Milestones: Social Cognitive, Emotional

  • Can count ___ or more objects
  • ____ play - eager to _____
  • Has fewer f_____
A
  • 10
  • Associative, eager to please also easy to lure..stranger danger!
  • fewer fears
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10
Q

5y Milestones: Language

  • Vocabulary up to ___ words
    • Speaks ___ word sentences
    • Can d____ some words
    • Knows ___ of weeks, months
    • Prints some ____ of alphabet
    • Uses ____ tense
    • Knows their own add____
A
  • 2100
    • 6+
    • define
    • days of week, months
    • letters
    • future
    • address
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11
Q

5y Milestones: Motor Development

  • Stands on ___ foot for __ seconds
    • H___ and somer____
    • Can print own ____
    • Copies what shape?
    • Jumps ____
    • Dresses and undresses ______
    • Uses eating ____
    • ____ shoe laces
A
  • one foot 10 seconds
    • Hops, somersaults
    • name
    • Triangle
    • rope
    • independently
    • utensils
    • Ties shoe laces
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12
Q

Growth and Development Chart

A
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13
Q

History

  • B____ History
  • W___ Child Visits
  • Imm_________
  • Illness history including
    • _ _ visits, hospital - especially looking for in____
  • S____ Hx
  • ____ - types of foods offered and frequency
  • D_______ Milestones
  • School Hx- vs ___care, be specific: type, number of _____, pr_____ etc. - teachers at age __
A
  • Birth
  • Well
  • Immunizations
  • ER, injuries
  • Surgical
  • Eating
  • Developmental
  • daycare, children:providers, 3
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14
Q

Growth

  • Gains approximately __ kg (__ lb) of body weight per year (Wt. __x birth weight)
  • Gains __ cm ( __ inches) of height each year
  • Head circumference reaches __% of adult size (gains < __ cm during entire age period)
  • ____ growth charts to monitor growth for children age > ___ in the US
A
  • 2kg, 4lb (4x birth weight)
  • 7cm (2inches)
  • 80%, <2cm
  • CDC growth charts > 2 yo
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15
Q

A Complete Physical Examination

Comprehesive medical exam must include:

  • All required ______
A

Immunizations

Lead screening* 1-6yo, Lead LEVELS 1-2 yo

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16
Q

Physical

  • It is important to be aware of the following
    • ​primary ____
      • ​should be present, they erupt by?
    • tonsils and adenoids _____ in size to age __ then begin to ____ abck
    • lung capacity ____, RR ____
    • CV system ____ in proportion ot general body growth
A
  • teeth
    • later toddler, early preschool (3 yo)
  • increase till 4, then retract back
  • lung increases, RR decreases
  • CV enlarges
17
Q

Physical

  • Kidneys?
    • control of elimination? BEGINS AFTER ___ months for most children
  • Protuberant abdomen ____, pelvis ____, abdominal muscles ____
  • ____ grow faster than other body parts
  • IMPORTANT: always examine ____ with every annual visit, and if there is a complaint that includes genitalia or elimination
    • Refer for hydro___, _____ testes, _ _ _
A
  • Full maturity
    • yes, 18 months
  • dissapears, straightens, develop
  • legs
  • genitalia
    • hydrocephale, undescended testes, UTI

Bottom check every visit, boys: undescended testes, girls labial fusion?

18
Q

Preschool Annual HCM

  • How often for a physical?
  • H_, W_
  • Do not need head _____ after age __, unless problem
  • _ _ starting at age 3
  • Vision screening when?
  • H____ screening
  • D_____ screening - refer
  • Review the number of (2) infections since birth -Refer to ___ for OM
A
  • Every year
  • Ht, Wt
  • Head circumference, x after 3
  • BP
  • prior to 3, use developmental tasks as assessment
  • Hearing
  • Dental
  • OM/OE, ENT for OM
19
Q

Preschool HCM cont.

What annual lab tests? (4)

Immunizations? (3)

A
  • Urinalysis
  • Hgb/Hct (some clinics may do CBC/SMAC)
  • Lead
  • Cholesterol Screening if high risk (FmHx)
  • Immunizations.. know NYC DOH (0-6)
  • Contraindications
  • Parental refusal
20
Q

Vision Charts

Not all created _____

  • Some are c____ or b__/w__
  • A____ in different ____
  • B____
  • __ chart
  • Alph_____
  • Use a chart the child can?
A

Equal

  • colored, black/white
  • Animals, positions
  • Boats
  • E
  • Alphabet
  • identify with
21
Q

TB Testing

  • PPD screening…routine vs. high risk
    • As of June 2012 is PPD required?
    • Remember look at the ___ BOOK or call Immunization ____ 347-396-2400
    • immunize@health.ny.gov
  • Children and adolescents should be screened for ___ factors
  • Administrative or mandated tests for TB infection for entry to?
A
  • PPD routine screening
    • Not required unless high risk
    • RED BOOK, Hotline
  • Risk factors
  • day care, school ,summer camp, college are discouraged in absence of risk factors
22
Q

Anticipatory Guidance

  • In____ Prevention
  • V____ Prevention
  • Nut_____ Counseling
  • Imm_____
  • L____ Screening
A
  • Injury
  • Violence
  • Nutrition
  • Immunization
  • Lead
23
Q

Safety Topics

  • Poisoning: l____, cl____ supplies, imported ___, pl___, vit____, al____, med____
  • S____ awareness
  • Ch____ hazards, foods and objects
  • Traffic and street-______
  • G__ and firearms
  • Second hand ____
  • Safety he_____
A
  • lead, cleaning, toys, plants, vitamins, alcohol, medications
  • Stranger
  • Choking
  • crossing
  • Guns
  • smoke
  • helmets
24
Q

Education Concerns For Parents

  • Not meeting d_____ m_____
  • Dramatic loss of previously acquired ____
  • No ____ in interactive ____ or other ch_____
  • Unable to _____ from parents w/e major protest
  • Reacts without self-_____ when angry or upset
  • Inadequate _____ - underweight/overweight
    • Encourage to offer healthy foods, and snacks, limit simple sugars and snacks
A
  • developmental milestones
  • skills
  • interest, games, children
  • separate
  • no self-control
  • intake
25
Q

Developmental Awareness

  • ___ appropriate behaviors - m____ awareness
  • When in doubt?
A
  • Age, mother’s
  • Get a second opinion (another provider, specialist)
26
Q

Recommended Immunizations for Children from Birth through 6 yo

A
27
Q

Immunizations

  1. Hep B (3)
  2. RV (rotavirus) (3)
  3. DTaP (diptheria,tetanus, percussis) (4)
  4. Hib (flu B) (4)
  5. PCV13 (Pna) (4)
  6. IPV (polio) (4)
  7. Influenza
  8. MMR (2)
  9. Varicella (2)
  10. Hep A(1)
A
  1. Birth, 1-2m, 6-18m
  2. 2m, 4m, 6m
  3. 2m, 4m, 6m, 15-18m, 4-6y
  4. 2m, 4m, 6m, 12-15m
  5. 2m, 4m, 6m 12-15m
  6. 2m, 4m, 6-18m, 4-6y
  7. 6m-6y annually
  8. 12-15m, 4-6y
  9. 12-15m, 4-6y
  10. 12-23m
28
Q

Find Free Vaccines

  • The ___ ___ ___ (VFC) program provides eligible children vaccines at no cost. Important for you to check out the program’s _____ - not everyone is a VFC provider. To become a VFC provider call your state or local _____ department or check the VFC website
  • Collaboration between (2)
  • Parent and patient handouts from? addresses key info for health supervision care from infancy through adolescence. Is a national health care promotion and disease prevention initiative that uses a developmentally based approach to address children’s health care needs in the context of family and community
A
  • Vaccines for Children, requirements, health department
  • AAFP and American Academy of Pediatrics
  • Bright Futrures Tool and Resource Kit
29
Q

SARS-COV 19

  • Info changes frequently
  • Children can present in all the usual ways but are also presenting with _____ complaints
  • All children can potentially be taught to?
  • Get ______
  • Difference - ordinary flu severe symptoms tend to present rapidly, SAR-COV 19 symptoms ____ as ___ go by
A
  • abdominal
  • wash hands, wear masks, social distance (they mimic adults so encourage adults)
  • vaccinated
  • Sx worsens as days go by

Fall 2020 Primary Care FNP (11 decks)

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