PREP

Question 1

Characteristics of cyanotic congenital heart diseases pathophysiology

Answer 1

Right left cardiac shunt resulting in deoxygenated blood in the systemic circulation

Question 2

Describe pathophysiology of acyanotic congenital heart diseases

Answer 2

Left right cardiac shunt resulting in pulmonary hypertension and right heart hypertrophy

Question 3

Medical management of congenital heart diseases x2

Answer 3

Diuretics and inotropic agents

Question 4

State the congenital TORCH infections

Answer 4

Toxoplasmosis
Other- varicella
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes simplex

Question 5

State 2 modes of transmission of TORCH infections

Answer 5

Transplacental and peripartum ie delivery

Question 6

Clinical features of TORCH x3

Answer 6

Spontaneous abortion
Premature birth
Intrauterine growth restriction

Question 7

Prevention of TORCH

Answer 7

Vaccination
Prophylaxis
Screening

Question 8

Common findings of torch during pregnancy x2 and in neonates x3

Answer 8

Pregnancy- intrauterine fetal demise, miscarriage
Neonates- jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, growth retardation

Question 9

Triad of congenital toxoplasmosis

Answer 9

Chorioretinitis
Diffuse intracranial calcifications
Hydrocephalus

Question 10

Presentation of in utero syphilis

Answer 10

Miscarriage
Still birth
Hydrops fetalis- generalized edema and accumulation of fluid in serous cavities