Preoperative Nursing Flashcards
Preoperative phase
begins the second the decision of surgery is made and ends when the patient is placed on the OR bed.
* can begin months before the actual surgery
Less invasive surgeries cause
reduced nosocomial infections, less stress on patient, reduced recovery time
-pt arrives 90 mins prior to surgery.
More invasive surgeries cause
a greater risk of a bad outcome especially with more comorbidity present.
Constructive/reconstructive surgery
breast augmentations
Diagnostic surgery
biopsy, exploratory, and laparoscopy
Curative surgery
excision of tumor or inflamed appendix.
Palliative surgery
to relieve pain or correct a problem
Transplant surgery
and organ removal and replace
Rehabilitative surgery
total joint replacement
Elective surgery
patient should have surgery; failure to have wouldn’t be catastrophic
- planned, has less anxiety
- repair of scars, simple hernia, vaginal repair
Emergent surgery
patient require immediate attention without delay
- severe bleeding, intestinal obstruction, gun shot wound, burns
- patient tends to have more concern and anxiety
Urgent surgery
patient requires prompt attention, within 24-30 hours.
-acute gallbladder infection, kidney or ureteral stones.
Required surgery
patient needs to have surgery, within weeks to months
-thyroid disorders, cataracts, picostatic hyperplasia without obstruction
Optional surgery
decision rests with the patient.
typically personal preference
-cosmetic surgeries
Intraoperative phase
period of time from when patient is transferred into operating room to admission to postanesthesia care unit
Postoperative phase
period of time from when patient is admitted to PACU to the time the surgeon discharges the patient.
-discharge may not be for months
Health Care Laws pertaining to surgery
HIPPA, informed consent, advanced directives, living wills
Infections pertaining to surgery
NOSOCOMIAL! insurance companies do not pay
Perfusion
SCDs, Tedhose, ambulate as soon as possible
-ambulating stimulates peristalsis.
Stress and Coping pertaining to surgery
Safety, behavioral, physiology responses.
How are they feeling?
Lifespan Developmental Considerations
Educate according to their developmental level.
Assess their ability to understand surgery.
Most of the time they need to understand they need someone else there.
True or False:
The intraoperative phase is the period of time from the decision for surgery until the patient is transferred into the operating room.
False
What begins during preadmission testing?
Teaching begins here! Verify understanding with teach back! Discharge planning starts NOW!
What is involved in the preadmission testing?
1) Initial preoperative assessment
2) Teaching appropriate patient needs
3) Verification of preoperative diagnostic testing
4) Verification of understanding of preoperative orders
5) Discussion and review of advanced directive
6) Begin discharge planning- transportation and patient care
