Preoperative Nursing Flashcards
What is the focus of the preoperative phase?
-Nursing and anesthesia provider assessment -Planning of care -Interventions to prepare for surgical procedure
Reasons why patients have surgery
- Diagnosis
- Cure
- Palliation
- Prevention
- Exploration
- Cosmetic improvement
What are the different types of surgery?
Ambulatory
Same day admit
Inpatient
What is an ambulatory surgery?
comes in, has surgery and goes home on the same day
What is a same day admit surgery?
comes in for surgery, post-op admit
What is an inpatient surgery?
admitted to
hospital, has surgery,
stays post-op
How urgent is an elective surgery? What are the risks?
•Improve quality of life (physically or psychologically) • Cataract removal; breast reduction • Time is not of the essence in scheduling •General risks include: • Bleeding • Infection • Anesthetic exposure • Relatively low mortality/morbidity risk
How urgent is a semi-elective surgery? What are some examples?
• More time-sensitive than elective • Although not required within 24 hours, scheduling should be considered a priority • Cholecystectomy for gallstone removal • Uterine artery ablation for postmenopausal bleeding from fibroids
What is an urgent surgery? Give examples?
Surgery is required within 24 hours of diagnosis; done to prevent unnecessary
complications that can occur with waiting
• Hip fracture repair
• Appendectomy
What is an emergency surgery?
Cannot be delayed and must occur within 24 hours; ideally, scheduled within 2 hrs. • Any delay may promote critical injury or systemic deterioration; required as a result of an urgent medical condition • Stabilize a GI bleed • Subdural hematoma
When is the patient interview/History taken?
•Occurs in advance or on
day of surgery
Check documented information prior to interview to avoid annoying
repetition
What is the purpose of an interview/history?
• Obtain health information • Determine expectations • Provide and clarify information on procedure • Assess emotional state and readiness
10 Essential parts to a patient interview/history
- patient understanding of surgery
- surgical history
- patient and family health history
- review ALL meds
- review allergies
- review drug use
- tobacco use
- date of Last menstrual
period for females
What are risks for latex allergies?
Food allergies (kiwi, bananas, avocados, chestnuts)
Allergy to poinsettia plant
Daily exposure to latex
Hx reactions to latex (balloons, condoms)
Hx allergies or asthma
How do you end a patient interview/history?
“Is there anything else
you would like to share
with me or think I should
know?”