Hematology Labs and Diagnostics Flashcards
The provider will order a _____, when they are interested in WBCs, RBCs & platelets - and the percentages of each WBC.
CBC with Diff (differential)
What information is included in a CBC?
RBC count, hemoglobin and hematocrit, WBC count, and platelet count
Name the white blood cell types and the corresponding percentage of each in a normal WBC count
Neutrophil (40-70%), lymphocyte (20-25%), monocyte (3-8%), eosinophil (2-4%), and basophil (<1%)
An acute bacterial infection will show on a CBC with Diff with an increased percentage of ______ and a _____.
Neutrophils, shift to the left
What is a shift to the left?
An abnormal increase in the number of bands compared to segs as seen on a CBC with differential of a patient with an acute bacterial infection.
What is a seg?
A mature neutrophil (& is short for “segmented”)
What is a band?
An immature neutrophil
What is morphology?
the study of the color, size, and shape of a cell
What is the mean corpuscle volume (MCV)?
the size of the cell
Normocytic describes a . . .
normal sized cell
Microcytic describes a . . .
small cell
Macrocytic describes a . . .
large cell
Microcytic red blood cells occur with _______
iron deficiency anemia
Macrocytic red blood cells occur with _______
megaloblastic anemias such as those seen with B12 and folate deficiencies
What is the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)?
a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell (hemoglobin concentration)
What do you call red blood cells with a low hemoglobin concentration?
Hypochromic
What do you call red blood cells with a normal hemoglobin concentration?
Normochromic
What is hemoglobin?
Iron containing pigment of the red blood cell
Normal hemoglobin values for males and females?
Male: 14-18 g/dL
Female: 12-16 g/dL
The percentage of total blood volume made up by red blood cells is called ______
hematocrit
What are the normal hematocrit levels for males and females?
Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-47%
A low hematocrit is called
anemia
A high hematocrit is called
polycythemia
Which protein transports iron?
Serum transferrin
Which protein stores iron?
Serum ferritin
Which test is the most sensitive test used to determine iron deficiency anemia?
Serum ferritin
Which two levels provide information about serum iron?
Serum transferrin and serum ferritin
A positive antibody test to intrinsic factor (IF) confirms the presence of ______.
pernicious anemia
Melena describes . . .
stool that is dark, tarry, and malodorous from the presence of digested blood.
What is a Coombs test?
A serum blood test used to differentiate among types of hemolytic anemia
Which type of Coombs test indicates whether the body is attacking its own RBCs?
Direct Coombs
Which type of Coombs test is used to screen for
antibodies prior to a blood transfusion?
Indirect Coombs
What type of anemia may require a bone marrow biopsy?
Aplastic anemia
Which site is ideal for finding the red bone marrow needed for a bone marrow biopsy?
the iliac crest
