Phosphorous Imbalances Flashcards

1
Q

Which electrolyte has an inverse relationship with phosphorous

A

Calcium (calcium and phosphorous are inversely related)

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2
Q

Calcium and phosphorous are inversely related

A

High calcium low phosphorous

Low calcium high phosphorous

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3
Q

Word for high phosphorous

A

Hyperphosphatemia

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4
Q

Word for low phosphorous

A

Hypophosphatemia

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5
Q

Hyperphosphatemia causes

A

Renal failure (#1 cause)
Laxatives/enema with phosphorous
Hypoparathyroidism

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6
Q

Hypophosphatemia causes

A

Malnutrition
Vitamin D deficiency
Chronic alcohol use (related to inadequate nutrition)
Severe diarrhea

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7
Q

Hyperphosphatemia manifestations

A

Usually ASYMPTOMATIC
Typically only symptoms of hypocalcemia: muscle spasms, paresthesia, tetany, +Chvostek’s/Trousseau’s sign
(these symptoms are NOT directly related to phosphorous but are directly related to simultaneous hypocalcemia)

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8
Q

Hyperphosphatemia nursing care

A

Treat the cause
Use calcium-based phosphate binders (i.e., calcium carbonate)
Hemodialysis (with SEVERE hyperphosphatemia)

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9
Q

Hypophosphatemia manifestations

A
CNS depression (confusion, coma)
Muscle weakness (including of respiratory muscles and this can be life-threatening)
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10
Q

Hypophosphatemia nursing care

A

IV or oral replacement (with dairy products or phosphate supplements)
Management of CKD or hypercalcemia (since calcium and phosphorous are so closely related)

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11
Q

Nursing consideration for IV phosporous replacement

A

Give IV over a LONG period of time

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