Phosphorous Imbalances Flashcards
Which electrolyte has an inverse relationship with phosphorous
Calcium (calcium and phosphorous are inversely related)
Calcium and phosphorous are inversely related
High calcium low phosphorous
Low calcium high phosphorous
Word for high phosphorous
Hyperphosphatemia
Word for low phosphorous
Hypophosphatemia
Hyperphosphatemia causes
Renal failure (#1 cause)
Laxatives/enema with phosphorous
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypophosphatemia causes
Malnutrition
Vitamin D deficiency
Chronic alcohol use (related to inadequate nutrition)
Severe diarrhea
Hyperphosphatemia manifestations
Usually ASYMPTOMATIC
Typically only symptoms of hypocalcemia: muscle spasms, paresthesia, tetany, +Chvostek’s/Trousseau’s sign
(these symptoms are NOT directly related to phosphorous but are directly related to simultaneous hypocalcemia)
Hyperphosphatemia nursing care
Treat the cause
Use calcium-based phosphate binders (i.e., calcium carbonate)
Hemodialysis (with SEVERE hyperphosphatemia)
Hypophosphatemia manifestations
CNS depression (confusion, coma) Muscle weakness (including of respiratory muscles and this can be life-threatening)
Hypophosphatemia nursing care
IV or oral replacement (with dairy products or phosphate supplements)
Management of CKD or hypercalcemia (since calcium and phosphorous are so closely related)
Nursing consideration for IV phosporous replacement
Give IV over a LONG period of time