PREOPERATIVE Flashcards
Begins from the transfer of the patient to OR until admitted to postanesthesia care unit.
Intraoperative phase
Constitutes the surgical experience. Includes preop, intraop, and post-op.
Perioperative phase
Time from admission to postanesthesia care unit until the follow-up evaluation of the patient.
Postoperative phase
Time when the decision for surgical intervention is made to the transfer of the patient to the OR.
Preoperative phase
Types of surgery?
Diagnostic, Exploratory, Curative, and Palliative
5 Degrees of Urgencies?
Emergent, Urgent, Required, Elective, and Optional.
DEGREE OF URGENCY
Patient requires immediate attention; may be life-threatening.
Emergent
DEGREE OF URGENCY
Patient is required promt attention and is performed 24-48 hours.
Urgent/Imperative
DEGREE OF URGENCY
Patient needs the surgery but is not urgent.
Required
DEGREE OF URGENCY
Surgery should be done but can be done at the convenience of both the patient and doctor.
Elective
DEGREE OF URGENCY
Is not required and is decided by the patient.
Optional
Type of surgery to verify a suspected diagnosis.
Diagnostic
Type of surgery to estimate the extent of disease and sometimes to confirm a diagnosis.
Exploratory
Type of surgery to remove damage or repair.
Curative
Type of surgery to relieve distress, symptom, or pain but does not provide a cure.
Palliative
Conditions that require surgery?
Obstruction, Perforation, Erosion, and Tumors
Normal RBC values?
4-6 millions/mm3
Normal Hemoglobin values?
Female 12-16g/dL
Male 14-18g/dL
Normal WBC values?
5-10k/mm3
Normal Platelet values?
150-450k/mm3
Type of test ordered to test a wide range of conditions checking if other organs are working properly
Blood Chem Test
Type of test indicating how well the lungs and kidneys are working. Also, the acid-base component providing kidney function information.
Blood Gas Analysis
pH values
7.35-7.45
pCO2 mmHg
35-45
pO2 mmHg
80-100
HCO3 mEq/L
22-26
O2 saturation
95-100
3 types of Narcotic meds given?
Meperidine HCl (Demerol)
Morphine
Sublimaze (Fentanyl)
2 types of anti-anxiety?
Diazepam (Valium)
Midazolam HCl (Versed)
2 types of antiemetic?
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Zone - Includes OR and sterile core areas, where scrub and masks are requried.
Restricted zone
Zone - Includes areas where surgical instruments are process, only scrubs are requried.
Semi-restricted zone
Zone - Includes patient reception area and holding area.
Unrestricted zone
Give the members of the Surgical Team
- Scrub Nurse
- Circulating Nurse
- Surgeon
- Asst. Surgeon
- Anesthesiologist
Types of general anesthesia?
Parenteral and inhaled
Types of regional anesthesia?
Spinal, Epidural, Topical, Local Infiltration
Types of parenteral anesthesia?
Pentothal, Propofol (Diprivan)
Types of inhaled anesthesia?
Sevoflurane (Sevorane), Enflurane (Ethrane), Panthrane, Halothane, Isoflurane
Anesthesia Stage Dizziness and a feeling of detachment
may be experienced during induction. The patient may have a ringing,
roaring, or buzzing in the ears and, although still conscious, may
sense an inability to move the extremities easily
Stage 1 - Beginning anesthesia
Anesthesia Stage The excitement stage, characterized variously by
struggling, shouting, talking, singing, laughing, or crying, is often
avoided if IV anesthetic agents are given smoothly and quickly.
Stage 2 - excitement
Anesthesia Stage Surgical anesthesia is reached by
administration of anesthetic vapor or gas and supported by IV agents
as necessary. The patient is unconscious and lies quietly on the table.
Stage 3 - Surgical anesthesia
Anesthesia Stage This stage is reached if too much
anesthesia has been given
Stage 4 - Medullary depression
Removes damages or diseased organ
Ablative
Making something new that was previously absent
Constructive
Repair something that is existing
Reconstructive
Who is responsible for the consent
Doctor
Who serves as a witness
Nurse
