Prenatal / Normal pregnancy 3 Flashcards
The Leopold maneuvers
a series of four maneuvers used to determine the fetal lie, presentation, and position by palpating the uterus through the abdomen
when is the quad screen typically done
second trimester between weeks 15-18
what does the quad screen evaluate for
increased risk of genetic abnormalities (e.g., aneuploidies), neural tube defects, and abdominal wall defects
what findings on quad screen are associated with an increased risk of Down syndrome
what next
decreased AFP, decreased estriol, increased hCG, and increased inhibin A
The cell-free DNA test is a noninvasive yet highly sensitive test that may be performed as secondary screening
If the cell-free DNA test is positive, an invasive biochemical marker-based test is recommended (chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis with a karyotype or microarray)
folic acid
B9
what tests should be performed at every prenatal visit
blood pressure, weight, urine dipstick for protein, documentation of fetal heart rate, and review of signs and symptoms of potential pregnancy problems
when should you perform an assessment of fetal growth by fundal height or ultrasound and maternal perception of fetal activity
every visit during the second and third trimester
when should you do screening for neural tube defects, genetic abnormalities, and short cervix
between 15–24 weeks gestation
is tinidazole appropriate in pregnancy
no
when should you perform assessment of fetal presentation
at every visit in the third trimester
is vitamin A toxicity more common in resource-rich countries or resource-limited countries
resource-rich countries
what common med is a form of vitamin A
retinol
when should prenatal care begin
by 10 weeks gestation
stepwise tx for nausea/vomiting in pregnancy
lifestyle - small meals
2nd - pyridoxine
3rd - histamine agonists or dopamine agonists
4th - methylprednisolone or chlorpromazine
histamine agonists for nausea
dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, meclizine
