Prenatal Development

Question 1

What type of study involves following individuals over a long period of time?

Answer 1

Longitudinal study

Question 2

What is a longitudinal study?

Answer 2

One that involves following an individual over a long period of time

Question 3

What type of study involves comparing different age groups at the same time?

Answer 3

Cross-sectional study

Question 4

What is a cross-sectional study?

Answer 4

One that involves studying different age groups at the same time

Question 5

Which research method involves observing a subject in a natural location?

Answer 5

Naturalistic observation

Question 6

What is naturalistic observation?

Answer 6

Observing a subject in a natural environment

Question 7

Which study method involves both direct observation and interviewing?

Answer 7

Case study

Question 8

What is a case study?

Answer 8

A research method that involves both direct observation and interviewing subjects

Question 9

Which research method involves administering surveys, often anonymously?

Answer 9

Survey/Interview

Question 10

What is a survey/interview?

Answer 10

Research method that involves asking questions about attitudes, opinions, and frequency of certain behaviors

Question 11

Which research method involves using statistics to evaluate the relationship between 2 variables?

Answer 11

Correlational research

Question 12

What is correlational research?

Answer 12

Research method that involves using statistics to determine the strength and direction of relationship between 2 variables

Question 13

Which research method involves controlling the setting and manipulating variables?

Answer 13

Experiment

Question 14

What is an experiment?

Answer 14

Research method in which the researcher controls the setting and manipulates a factor that is believed to have some influence

Question 15

Transvaginal ultrasound

Answer 15

When a transducer is placed in the vagina, most often in early pregnancy

Question 16

Transabdominal ultrasound

Answer 16

When the transducer is moved over the abdomen

Question 17

Specialized sonographic evaluation

Answer 17

More detailed evaluation when an abnormality is known or suspected

Question 18

3D ultrasound

Answer 18

2-dimensional display of 3-dimensional data. Can help detect facial abnormalities or neural tube defects

Question 19

Doppler ultrasound

Answer 19

Measures slight changes as waves bounce off of moving objects, like blood cells. Provides details about blood flow

Question 20

Fetal echocardiography

Answer 20

Provides a detailed picture of a baby’s heart. Helps confirm or rule out congenital heart defect

Question 21

When a transducer is placed in the vagina, most often in early pregnancy

Answer 21

Transvaginal ultrasound

Question 22

When the transducer is moved over the abdomen

Answer 22

Transabdominal ultrasound

Question 23

More detailed ultrasound evaluation when an abnormality is known or suspected

Answer 23

Specialized sonographic evaluation

Question 24

2-dimensional display of 3-dimensional data. Can help detect facial abnormalities or neural tube defects

Answer 24

3D ultrasound

Question 25

Measures slight changes as waves bounce off of moving objects, like blood cells. Provides details about blood flow

Answer 25

Doppler ultrasound

Question 26

Provides a detailed picture of a baby’s heart. Helps confirm or rule out congenital heart defect

Answer 26

Fetal echocardiography

Question 27

Organogenesis

Answer 27

When and how the organs develop

Question 28

When and how the organs develop

Answer 28

Organogenesis

Question 29

Anything that causes a birth defect, and can influence the development of a baby

Answer 29

Teratogen

Question 30

Teratogen

Answer 30

Anything that causes a birth defect, and can influence the development of a baby

Question 31

What does amniotic fluid do?

Answer 31

Protects the fetus from injury, protects against infection, allows the baby to move and develop properly, controls the temperature.

Question 32

What substance protects the fetus from injury, protects against infection, allows the baby to move and develop properly, controls the temperature.

Answer 32

Amniotic fluid

Question 33

What does the amniotic sac do?

Answer 33

Helps protect from injury and regulate temperature

Question 34

What is amnion?

Answer 34

Membrane that covers the fetal side of the placenta

Question 35

This is the membrane that covers the fetal side of the placenta

Answer 35

Amnion

Question 36

This is filled with amniotic fluid and amnion, and helps protect from injury and regulate temperature

Answer 36

Amniotic sac

Question 37

Placenta

Answer 37

Provides metabolic interchanges between mother and fetus

Question 38

This provides metabolic interchanges between mother and fetus

Answer 38

Placenta

Question 39

This connects the fetus to the placenta

Answer 39

Umbilical cord

Question 40

What does the umbilical cord do?

Answer 40

This connects the fetus to the placenta

Question 41

What blood vessels are in the umbilical cord?

Answer 41

2 arteries and a vein

Question 42

What is ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 42

When the pregnancy starts in the fallopian tube

Question 43

What is it called when the pregnancy starts in the fallopian tube?

Answer 43

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 44

When is amniocentesis usually done?

Answer 44

Between weeks 15 and 20

Question 45

What can amniocentesis check for?

Answer 45

Genetic diseases, neural tube defects, Rh disease

Question 46

When is Chorionic Villus Sampling usually done?

Answer 46

Between weeks 10 and 12

Question 47

What does CVS stand for?

Answer 47

Chorionic Villus Sampling

Question 48

What can CVS check for?

Answer 48

Genetic and chromosome testing in the first trimester

Question 49

Which prenatal diagnostic test could cause limb defects?

Answer 49

CVS

Question 50

Which period is the first 2 weeks after conception?

Answer 50

Germinal

Question 51

When is the germinal period?

Answer 51

First 2 weeks after conception

Question 52

Which period is 2-8 weeks after conception?

Answer 52

Embryonic

Question 53

When is the embryonic period?

Answer 53

2-8 weeks after conception

Question 54

Which period is 2-9 months after conception?

Answer 54

Fetal

Question 55

When is the fetal period?

Answer 55

2-9 months after conception

Question 56

What is vernix?

Answer 56

Milky substance that protects the fetus

Question 57

What is the milky substance that protects the fetus?

Answer 57

Vernix

Question 58

What is lanugo?

Answer 58

Fine hairs that protect the fetus

Question 59

What are fine hairs that protect the fetus?

Answer 59

Lanugo

Question 60

What 3 things determine the effects a teratogen will have?

Answer 60

Gestational age when it's introduced, amount that is introduced, how susceptible the mother or child are to the teratogen

Question 61

What is stage I of childbirth?

Answer 61

Early labor and active labor

Question 62

What is stage II of childbirth?

Answer 62

Delivery of baby

Question 63

What is stage III of childbirth?

Answer 63

Delivery of placenta

Question 64

What do analgesics do?

Answer 64

Relieve pain

Question 65

What are examples of analgesics?

Answer 65

Narcotics, barbiturates, tranquilizers

Question 66

What does anesthesia do?

Answer 66

Blocks the sensation of pain

Question 67

What do oxytocics do?

Answer 67

Synthetic hormones that stimulate contractions

Question 68

What are synthetic hormones that stimulate contractions?

Answer 68

Oxytocics

Question 69

How long does the postpartum period last?

Answer 69

About 6 weeks

Question 70

What is involution?

Answer 70

The return of the uterus to its normal size

Question 71

What term describes the return of the uterus to its normal size?

Answer 71

Involution

Question 72

What helps speed up involution?

Answer 72

Breastfeeding

Question 73

What is Lamaze?

Answer 73

Breathing techniques and education to relieve pain and control fear

Question 74

What technique involves breathing exercises and education to relieve pain and control fear?

Answer 74

Lamaze

Question 75

How long and frequent are contractions in early labor?

Answer 75

30-45 seconds, 5-30 minutes apart

Question 76

How long and frequent are contractions in active labor?

Answer 76

45-60 seconds, 3-5 minutes apart

Question 77

How long does early labor last?

Answer 77

8-12 hours

Question 78

How long does active labor last?

Answer 78

3-5 hours

Question 79

How long does delivery last?

Answer 79

20 minutes - 2 hours

Question 80

How long does delivery of the placenta last?

Answer 80

5-10 minutes

Question 81

What is the Hawthorne Effect?

Answer 81

When you may behave differently just because you know you're in a study

Question 82

What is it called when you behave differently just because you know you're in a study?

Answer 82

Hawthorne Effect

Question 83

What is is called when parents provide both the genetic predisposition and a nurturing environment for a child to develop a certain trait?

Answer 83

Passive Genotype-Environment Interaction

Question 84

What is it called when the parents provide a genetic disposition to the child that causes them to then evoke a certain reaction in others?

Answer 84

Evocative Genotype-Environment Interaction

Question 85

What is it called when parents provide a genetic disposition to the child that results in them actively seeking environmental conditions that foster certain qualities?

Answer 85

Active Genotype-Environment Interaction

Question 86

When are the arteries and veins of the heart complete?

Answer 86

7-8 weeks, end of the first trimester

Question 87

What happens in the germinal period?

Answer 87

Zygote is created and attaches to the uterine wall

Question 88

What happens during the embryonic period?

Answer 88

Layers of cells are formed, which will later develop into organs

Question 89

What happens during the fetal period?

Answer 89

Major growth and development

Question 90

How long and how much does the fetus weigh after the first trimester?

Answer 90

3 inches and 1 ounce

Question 91

How long and how much does the fetus weigh after the second trimester?

Answer 91

14 inches and 1 pound

Question 92

How long and how much does the fetus weigh after the third trimester?

Answer 92

19 inches and 6-7 pounds

Question 93

When can we tell the gender of a fetus?

Answer 93

12 weeks