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Year 2 OBGYN > Prenatal and postpartum care > Flashcards

Prenatal and postpartum care Flashcards

1
Q

when is the uterus enlarged enough to be palpable in the lower abdomen?

A

12 weeks

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2
Q

what is the chadwick sign?

A

bluish discoloration of vagina

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3
Q

what is the hegar sign?

A

softening of the cervix

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4
Q

why is a serum pregnancy test more specific and sensitive?

A

detects unique beta subunit of HCG

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5
Q

when is it possible to detect fetal heart tones? what techniques?

A
  • at or beyond 18-20 weeks gestation (traditional acoustic fetoscope)
  • 12 weeks (electronic doppler)
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6
Q

how is gestational age determined?

A

number of weeks that have elapsed between 1st day of LMP (not presumed day of conception) and date of delivery

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7
Q

what is the naegele rule?

A

add 1 year + 7 days to first day of LMP and subtract 3 months

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8
Q

how is gestational age determined if the LMP date is questionable?

A

ultrasounded dated pregnancy

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9
Q

when does abdominal US detect pregnancy? transvaginal?

A
  • abdominal: 5-6 weeks

- transvaginal: 3-4 weeks

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10
Q

the embryo and cardiac activity should be seen when HCG is at what level?

A

4000 mIU/mL or greater

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11
Q

abortions / miscarriages / ectopics correspond to lesser than what week gestation?

A

under 20 weeks

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12
Q

what are the normal pregnancy intervals for normal prenatal care?

A

Q4w until 28 weeks then
Q2w until 36 weeks then
Q1w until delivery

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13
Q

at 20 weeks where is the uterine fundus?

A

umbilicus

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14
Q

what are leopold maneuvers?

A

used to identify fetal position

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15
Q

at what week does the uterus emerge from the pelvis?

A

12 weeks

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16
Q

when is group B strep screening done?

A

35-37 weeks

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17
Q

when is gestational diabetes screening done?

A

24-28 weeks

18
Q

what is “threatened abortion”?

A

1st trimester bleeding

19
Q

what is included in the quad screen? when is it done?

A
  • HCG
  • estriol
  • inhibin A
  • AFP
  • second trimester (16-20 weeks)
20
Q

when is fetal movement felt in a nulliparous woman?

A

18-20 weeks

21
Q

when is fetal movement felt in a multiparous woman?

A

16 weeks

22
Q

what tests are done in 3rd trimester?

A
  • rhogam if Rh negative (28 weeks)
  • glucola GDM screen (even if neg earlier)
  • repeat H&H
  • repeat antibody screen
23
Q

if there is bleeding in the 3rd trimester what should you check?

A

Rh status

24
Q

is placental abruption painful or painless?

A

painful

25
Q

placental abruption is usually associated with what condition(s)?

A

hypertensive disease or trauma vs. possible abuse

26
Q

when does placenta previa present?

A

32-34 weeks

27
Q

is placenta previa bleeding painful or painless?

A

painless

28
Q

caloric requirement should increase by how much in the 3rd trimester?

A

340-450 kcal

29
Q

folate supplementation during what time prevents neural tube defects?

A

4 weeks preconception to 12 weeks gestation

30
Q

what are the features of pregnancy induced HTN?

A
  • segmental arteriolar narrowing with wet, glistening appearance indicative of edema
  • hemorrhages and exudates RARE
31
Q

maternal blood volume increases by what % over pre-pregnancy levels?

A

40-50%

32
Q

what is braxton hicks?

A

uterine contractions that occur as early as third month of gestation

33
Q

what hormones are responsible for softening of the pelvic cartilage, and increased mobility?

A
  • relaxin

- progesterone

34
Q

what is the puerperium?

A

first 6 weeks after delivery

35
Q

what occurs during puerperium?

A
  • instruction about care of the neonate, breastfeeding, physical limitations, emotional support
  • discharge instructions
  • vaccinations for Tdap, MMR, influenza
36
Q

what is wound separation? what is dehiscence?

A
  • would separation: skin separates, underlying adipose separates
  • dehiscence: skin separates, underlying adipose separates, AND fascial layer separates
37
Q

what are the 5 Bs of the immediate postpartum period?

A
  • brain
  • breast
  • bladder
  • bleeding
  • birth control
38
Q

when does baby blues start and end?

A
  • start: within first week

- end: by day 10

39
Q

what is the onset for postpartum depression? how long does it last?

A
  • within 4 weeks

- up to 7 months

40
Q

when can postpartum contraception be started?

A
  • at least 3 weeks postpartum

- benefits of contraception outweigh the risk of VTE

Year 2 OBGYN (33 decks)

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