Abortion Flashcards
definition: abortion
loss of pregnancy prior to 20 weeks
what are the 6 types of abortion?
- threatened
- inevitable
- incomplete
- missed
- septic
- induced
definition: threatened abortion
when / dilation / expulsion
- vaginal bleeding within first 20 weeks of gestation not ending in spontaneous abortion
- no cervical dilation
- no expulsion of products of conception
definition: inevitable abortion
dilation / expulsion
- vaginal bleeding with cervical dilation but no passage of tissue
- a viable pregnancy is unlikely
definition: incomplete abortion
dilation / expulsion
- vaginal bleeding with cervical dilation
- partial expulsion of products of conception
definition: complete abortion
bleeding / expulsion / cervix presentation
- vaginal bleeding
- all products of conception expelled
- cervix closed
definition: missed abortion
dilation / expulsion
- fetal death without spotting
- no cervical dilation
- complete retention of products of conception
- often proceed to complete spontaneous abortion in 1-3 weeks
definition: septic abortion
what are the signs?
- threatened, inevitable, or incomplete abortion with signs of uterine infection
- elevated temp
- leukocytosis
- lower abdominal tenderness
- cervical motion tenderness
- foul smelling discharge
what are the causes of abortion?
- chromosomal abnormality
- congenital anomaly
- no obvious etiology
what are risk factors for abortion?
- increasing maternal age
- ETOH / smoking / drug use
- recurrent pregnancy loss
- extremes of weight
what are the diagnosing criteria for abortion?
- vaginal bleeding and cramping
- decreasing signs of pregnancy
- quantitative HCG level
- transvaginal US
what tests are done to evaluate for abortion?
- sterile speculum exam
- sterile vaginal exam
- serum progesterone
- CBC
- blood type and Rh
what is the treatment for a threatened abortion?
- pelvic rest (no sex)
- minimal to no intervention
what is the treatment for inevitable and incomplete abortions?
- surgical (D&C/E)
- medical (misoprostol)
- expectant management
what is misoprostol?
PG to induce cervical dilation and uterine contractions
