Prenatal And Birth Flashcards
begins as the mother experiences uterine contractions spaced at
10- to 15-minute intervals, and it ends when her cervix has fully dilated so that the fetus’s head
can pass through. This phase lasts an average of 8 to 14 hours for firstborn children and 3 to 8
hours for later-born. As labor proceeds, the uterus contracts more frequently and intensely.
When the head of the fetus is positioned at the cervical opening, the second phase of labor is
about to begin.
First stage of labor
his is also known as delivery – which begins as the fetus’s
head passes through the cervix into the vagina and ends when the baby emerges from the
mother’s body. This is the time when the mother may be told to bear down (push) with each
contraction to assist her child through the birth canal. A quick delivery may take a half-hour,
whereas a long one may last more than an hour and a half.
Second stage of labor
After birth
Third stage of labor
A group of serious congenital problem commonly
observed in the offspring of mothers who abuse alcohol during pregnancy.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
A group of mild congenital problems that are sometimes
observed in children of mothers who drink sparingly to moderately during pregnancy.
Fetal Alcohol Effects
Happens when a mother is ready to respond to and develop a strong
sense of affection for her baby (Klaus & Kennell, 1976). This sensitive period happens in
the first 6 to 12 hours after birth.
Emotional Bonding
The strong feeling of sadness, resentment, and despair that may
appear shortly after childbirth and can linger for months. Many of these severely depressed
women do not want their infants and perceive them to be difficult babies. These mothers
also interact less positively with their infants and in some cases seem downright hostile
toward them
Post Partum depreesion
A spirit of competition, jealousy, or resentment between siblings – often
begins soon as a younger brother or sister arrives.
Siblings rivalry
It is the lack of sufficient oxygen to the brain which may result in neurological
damage or death. In many cases, the child’s supply of oxygen is interrupted because the
umbilical cord has been tangled or squeezed during childbirth, as can easily happen when
infants are lying in the breech position – a delivery in which the fetus emerges feet first or
buttocks first rather than head first. Another cause of anoxia is RH factor – a blood protein
that, when present in a fetus but not the mother, can cause the mother to produce antibodies.
These antibodies may then attack the red blood cells of subsequent fetuses who have the
protein in their blood.
Anoxia
These are the babies born more than 3 weeks before their due dates.
Although small in size, the body weights of these babies are often appropriate for the
amount of time they spent in the womb.
Preterm babies
These are seen to mothers who smoke and
drink heavily, use drugs, or are malnourished are likely to deliver undersized babies.
Prematurity and Low birth weight
These are the babies who have experienced slow growth as
fetuses and are seriously underweight, even when born close to their normal due dates.
Small date babies
