[Prelime] PR Flashcards

1
Q

-is an organized investigation and study of materials and sources to create facts and reach new inferences.
-is a process of inquiring about the solution to the problem, collecting data, and logically evaluating information.
-It is a process of systematic inquiry that entails collection of
data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and
interpretation of that data/information.

A

Research

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2
Q

-This is the type of research that is a purely direct application but increasing the nature of understanding about the problem.
-It develops the scientific theories to be more understandable to the readers.

A

Basic Research

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3
Q

-It is a type of research that needs answer to a specific question.
-It provides solutions and validation in order to apply to the real setting.

A

Applied Research

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4
Q

It is based on observations and experiments of theories

A

Epmirical

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5
Q

It follows orderly and sequential procedures, based on valid procedures and principles.

A

Systematic

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6
Q

In research, all variables, except those that are tested/ experimented on, are kept constant.

A

Controlled

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7
Q

The conclusions drawn by research should be correct.

A

Valid and Verifiable

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8
Q

It shows analytical procedures in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, and or case study.

A

Analytical

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9
Q

it is unbiased and logical. All findings are logically based on real-life situations.

A

Objective

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10
Q

It requires its own examination and produces the data needed to
complete the study.

A

Original Work

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11
Q

It refers to a search for facts, answers to questions and solutions to problems.

A

EMPLOYS HYPOTHESIS

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12
Q

What is the problem?

A

Define research problem

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13
Q

What evidence is already presented?

A

Review of related literature

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14
Q

How are we going to find/look for the answer to questions being studied?

A

Formulating hypothesis

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15
Q

Where will the study be shown and with what population?

A

Research design

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16
Q

Are we ready to gather the data? Where do we find the data?

A

Collecting data

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17
Q

How do the data answer the research queries?

A

Analyzing data

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18
Q

What are the implications of the results?

A

Interpret and report

19
Q

Maintain all communication. Data should not be faked.

20
Q

Avoid biases in experimental designs, data analysis, interpretation, expert testimony, and other aspects of
research.

A

Objectivity

21
Q

Keep your promises and agreements.

22
Q

Avoid careless errors and negligence.

A

Carefulness

23
Q

Share data, results, ideas and tools. Be open to
criticism/feedback and new ideas.

24
Q

Protect confidential communication.

A

Confidentiality

25
Avoid duplicating publications.
Responsible Publication
26
Help to educate, mentor, and advise others.
Responsible mentoring
27
Treat all peers fairly.
Respect colleagues
28
Strive to promote social good. Avoid social harm
Social responsibility
29
Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of sex, races, ethnicity, and or others.
Non-Discrimination
30
Be informed and obey relevant laws and institutional governmental policies.
Legality
31
Give proper acknowledgment or credits to all researchers.
Respect of Intellectual property
32
Minimize risks that involve human lives, dignity, and privacy.
Human subject
33
Characteristics of research:
Accuracy Objectiveness Timeliness Relevance Clarity Systematic
34
It must give correct or accurate data, which the footnotes, notes, and bibliographical ethics should honestly and appropriately documented or acknowledge.
Accuracy
35
It must deal with facts, not with mere opinions arising from assumptions, generalizations, predicitions, or conclusions.
Objectiveness
36
It must work on a topic that is fresh, new and interesting to the present society.
TImeliness
37
Its topic must be instrumental in improving society or in solving problems affecting the lives of people in a community.
Relevance
38
It must succeed in expressing its central point or discoveries by using simple, direct, concise, and correct language.
Clarity
39
It must take place in a organized or orderly manner.
Systematic
40
Categories of research:
Basic research Applied research
41
Characteristics of research: (PDF)
Empirical Systematic Controlled Valid and verifiable Analytical Objective Original work Employs hypothesis
42
Processes of research:
-define research problem -review of related literature -formulating hypothesis -research design -collecting data -analyzing data -interpret and report
43
Ethical Codes and Policies for Research:
Honesty Objectivity Integrity Carefulness Openness Confidentiality Responsible publication Responsible mentoring Respect colleagues Social responsibility Non-discrimination Legality Respect of Intellectual property Human subject