Prelim

Question 1

Environmental Problems

Answer 1

● Global Warming
● Deforestation
● Acidification
● Overpopulation
● Pollution

Question 2

one of the most discussed environmental issues of today

Answer 2

Global Warming

Question 3

refers to an increase in the average global temperatures

Answer 3

Global Warming/Climate Change

Question 4

excessive increase of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, contribute to it

Answer 4

Climate Change/Global Warming

Question 5

refers to the cutting of trees for agricultural, industrial, housing, or human use

Answer 5

Deforestation

Question 6

the rapid increase in sea level and ocean temperature are attributed to climate change and global warming because of the melting of sea-ice and land-based glaciers

Answer 6

Acidification

Question 7

its effect on seawater according to experts on marine ecosystem, was credited to excessive amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) component in the ocean

Answer 7

Acidification

Question 8

partly caused by early marriages, lack of knowledge in birth control and family planning methods, and social pressures

Answer 8

Overpopulation

Question 9

2 Types of Pollution

Answer 9

Air Pollution
Water Pollution

Question 10

refers to the contamination of the air in the atmosphere, which is primarily caused by harmful gases and toxins released from the smoke of the industrial factories and the combustion of fossils fuels from our private cars and vehicles, public transportation facilities, and agricultural machinery

Answer 10

Air Pollution

Question 11

caused by oil spill, acid rain and other hazardous chemicals that mixed with water

Answer 11

Water Pollution

Question 12

the belief that humans are the central and most significant species on the planet

Answer 12

Anthropocentrism

Question 13

this view believes that humans are considered the primary cause that drives changes in the environment

Answer 13

Anthropocentrism

Question 14

sees the natural world as being maintained by the interrelationship among living organisms and that every living thing on the planet is dependent on each for survival

Answer 14

Deep Ecology

Question 15

this view regards human interference as a significant threat to the natural world and all living things

Answer 15

Deep Ecology

Question 16

suggests that non-organic elements in the planet play a significant role in maintaining balance in the environment as they interact with living organisms to regulate the various system that enable life to continue thriving the Earth

Answer 16

Gaia Hypothesis

Question 17

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, of the matter world of this planet earth as on date

Answer 17

Philosophy

Question 18

the study & practice of being concerned with the nature of the human spirit or soul as opposed to matter world things

Answer 18

Spirituality

Question 19

What is the first step in Spirituality?

Answer 19

Regulating or controlling the Mind

Question 20

What is capable of getting connected to the inner world & beyond the Spirit?

Answer 20

Only an absolute still Mind over an extended period of time

Question 21

the nature of the human person inevitably leads to a discussion on the nature of the human soul or spirit, the immortal, non-corporal essence of man

Answer 21

Spirit

Question 22

believe that man is the only being with a soul

Answer 22

Major Monotheistic Religions such as Judaism, Islam, and Christianity

Question 23

recognize that other living beings also possess souls

Answer 23

Other religions such as Jainism and Hinduism

Question 24

believe that non-living things such as mountains and rivers also possess a soul

Answer 24

For animalistic religions such as Shintoism

Question 25

also an essential element for salvation of humanity, as the departed spirits will be raised from the dead during the end times and shall receive the judgment of God

Answer 25

Spirit

Question 26

a bond between you, a logic and something existing in explanations

Answer 26

Philosophy

Question 27

a bond between you, conscience, and something beyond explanations

Answer 27

Spirituality

Question 28

The link of the key words in Philosophy and Spirituality

Answer 28

● Logic ● Conscience

Question 29

a reasoning conducted according to principles validated

Answer 29

Logic

Question 30

the inner voice or a voice within which we might hear or go unnoticed

Answer 30

Conscience

Question 31

a large groupings that shares the same geographical territory, shares a common culture and social structure, and expected to abide by the same laws

Answer 31

Society

Question 32

Society is derived from the latin word what?

Answer 32

"socius", which means companion or friendship

Question 33

Primary Components of a Society

Answer 33

● Culture ● Social Structure

Question 34

Things in the Society that influences a person

Answer 34

● Media ● Experience ● Prior Knowledge ● Friends ● Family ● Goals ● Interests ● Culture ● Abilities ● Mentors, Guides, Teachers

Question 35

consider human relationships as a defining influence on human life

Answer 35

Existentialists

Question 36

states that human relations shape knowledge and truth within a certain society

Answer 36

Constructivist Theory of Knowledge

Question 37

argue that shared experience between persons can shape the perception of reality

Answer 37

Phenomenologists

Question 38

the process by which an individual learns the prevailing behaviors, attitudes, and values within his or her society

Answer 38

Socialization

Question 39

What are the major philosophical branches that devote much discussion on the concept of interpersonal relations?

Answer 39

Existentialism & Phenomenology

Question 40

awareness of individuality

Answer 40

Self

Question 41

defines interpersonal relations as the "self" being aware of the "other"

Answer 41

Existentialist Perspective

Question 42

refers to objects outside of personal experience, while it is often used by most philosophers to refers to other individuals apart from him or her

Answer 42

"Other"

Question 43

the shared awareness and understanding among people

Answer 43

Intersubjectivity

Question 44

a social and political concept which has great significance in how people participate in society

Answer 44

Freedom

Question 45

its concept emerged as an important philosophical issue in 18th century Europe during the age of Enlightenment

Answer 45

Freedom

Question 46

believed that early man existed in a natural state and had absolute freedom

Answer 46

Enlightenment Thinkers

Question 47

freedom of an individual from expression, compulsion, or coercion from other people, an authority figure, or from society itself

Answer 47

Freedom in a political and social context

Question 48

Political Freedom consists of two types of liberties

Answer 48

● Positive Liberty ● Negative Liberty

Question 49

refers to a person taking control of his or her own life and fulfilling one's potential

Answer 49

Positive Liberty

Question 50

freedom from external restraint, barriers, and other interference from other people

Answer 50

Negative Liberty

Question 51

refers to the capacity of a person to act and exert control over her behavior

Answer 51

Human Agency

Question 52

Two ways Human Freedom is expressed:

Answer 52

● Free Will ● Free Action

Question 53

the capacity to choose from alternative courses of action or decision

Answer 53

Free Will

Question 54

the freedom to perform an action without any obstacles or hindrances

Answer 54

Free Action