Midterm Quiz #2 Flashcards
defined as human characteristics that make people different from one another
Diversity
refers to the roles and expectations attributed to men and women in a given society, roles which change over time, place, and life stage
Gender
the term used to group individuals with a shared country or region of birth or residence
Race
characterized as the people’s way of life which is shared by other people living in a certain cultural region
Culture
Everything a man does in his everyday living is dominated by his __________.
cultural orientation
can be defined as values, beliefs, behavior, and material objects that together form a people’s way of life
Culture
refers to an organization of phenomena that is dependent upon symbols and includes acts (patterns of behavior), objects (material things), ideas (belief and knowledge), and sentiments (attitude and values)
Culture
has been practiced by all people in all parts of the world
Cultural Way of Life
a complex set of patterned social interactions learned and transmitted through socialization or enculturation
Culture
the process a person adopts the cultural pattern or she lives in and also teaches the person what is accepted within that society and lifestyle
Enculturation
stated that human behavior (culture) is a product of two different and interacting evolutionary processes
Dual Inheritance Theory
Culture is also ______, _________, and _________
dynamic
flexible
adaptive
a society’s standard of acceptable behavior
Norms
norms that are known to be the proper way of dealing with their everyday living and social interaction
Folkways
these are customs or folkways that needs to be followed by society
Mores
formalized mores that are legislated, approved, and implemented in a society
Laws
these are representations or illustrations to represent a particular belief or meaning of something
Symbols
the system of symbols that individuals utilize to communicate, interact, and share their views or beliefs, thus making an understanding among individuals
Language
a sum of all ideas and concepts that is considered by a particular culture to be good, desirable, and correct conduct in day to day lives
Values
the basis for evaluating the rightness or wrongness of an action
Values
Elements of Culture
Norms
Symbols
Language
Values
Characteristics of Culture
- Culture is Learned
- Culture is Shared
- Culture is Cumulative
- Culture is Dynamic
- Culture is Diverse
- Culture is Integrated
- Culture and Individual Freedom
Human experiences and the knowledge and understanding gained from such experiences shape how people will think and act in a social environment.
Culture is Cumulative
It constantly changes as new social experiences accumulate and shape how people will respond to a social life.
Culture is Dynamic
A man’s way of thinking and behavior can be said to be culturally biased.
Culture and Individual Freedom
According to the sociologist Joan Farrante, “sociologists use the term cultural diversity to ____________.
capture the cultural variety that exists among people who share some physical or virtual space
includes all the material and non-material culture that a person has access to which could be useful or not in a certain social environment
Cultural Capital
3 Types of Cultural Capital
○ Objectified Cultural Capital
○ Embodied Cultural Capital
○ Institutionalized Cultural Capital
refers to all material and non-material culture that a person has or has a direct access to
Objectified Cultural Capital
also has a pecuniary value and as well as symbolic meaning that people impute to them
Objectified Cultural Capital
refer to all kinds of material and non-material objects that have been internalized by the people in a conscious or unconscious manner
Embodied Cultural Capital
learned by man through the process of socialization
Embodied Cultural Capital
this cultural capital consists of all material and non-material culture that everyone considers as desirable in each social setting
Institutionalized Cultural Capital
particularly important to success in a certain social environment
Institutionalized Cultural Capital
Elements of Social Structure
● Status
● Social Roles
● Groups
can be defined as an invisible arrangement or prearrangement that outlines how people should interact with each other and live together within the society
Social Structure
according to sociologist Farrante, they shape how people connect to each other and construct relationship bonds
Social Structure
manner by which someone can be defined by the society
Social Status
anything acquired through natural processes such as gender and race
Ascribed Status
a kind of status that is achieved through effort combined with other deliberate means
Achieved Status
a status that is imputed to an individual purely by chance and no effort is needed to obtain them
Ascribed Status
These roles are attached with certain social responsibilities that they need to perform
Social Roles
happens when the behavior of a person conflicts with his status
Role Performance
consists of several persons who interact in such predictable ways who share the expectations about who they are and what is their purpose
Groups
Who said “sociologists use the term cultural diversity to capture the cultural variety that exists among people who share some physical or virtual space. That space may be as large as the planet of as small as household.”?
Joan Farrante
What are learned rather than acquired through inheritance or through any biological processes?
Cultural Elements
How are cultural elements learned?
through inheritance or through any biological processes
