Philosophy Flashcards
means love
Philos
means wisdom
Sophia
means a great interest and pleasure in something
Love
means the ability to make good judgment based on what you have learned from experiences, common sense and insights
Wisdom
Importance of taking Philosophy
● It plays an important role in our lives
● Our experiences made more meaningful because of the insights gained from careful thoughts and reflections
● It enable us to examine problems, determine truth, and make wise decisions and engage more fully with life experiences
Rules of Philosophy
- Be sincere
- Be charitable
- Be humble
- Keep it simple but not simplistic
- Watch your language
- Be eclectic
- Think for yourself, not by yourself
- Seek clarity not certainty
– the oldest form of systematic, scholarly inquiry
– comes from the two Greek words Philo (filo) which means love and Sophia (sofia) which means wisdom
Philosophy
early thinkers who believe that their knowledge is far enough to answer all inquiries about life
Sophists
– coined the term Philosophy
– attributed with the discovery of Philosophy according to several accounts and testimonies
– first to use the term “philosopher”
– a native of Miletus who out of humility, chose not to be branded as wise, since he believes that there are certain things that the human mind can hardly fathom and instead opted to be called a “lover of wisdom”
Pythagoras of Samos
someone who practices philosophy
Philosopher
Philosopher comes from the Ancient Greek word? meaning what?
Philosophos meaning “lover of wisdom”
a mathematician and scientist who was credited with the formulation of the pythagorean theorem
Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE)
proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan
Heraclitus (535 BCE to 475 BCE)
devoted himself to studying the causes of natural phenomena
Democritos (460 BCE to 370 BCE)
– was considered the foremost philosopher of Ancient times
– made great contributions to the field of ethics
– was known as critic of intellectuals during his time
Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE)
– a student of Socrates who wrote down his teacher’s writings
– was also known for his dialectic
Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE)
a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge
dialectic
– attended the Academy, and was a prominent student of Plato, however, disagree with Plato’s theory of forms and took a different view in interpreting reality
– his studies in logic led to the formulation of a formal process of analyzing reasoning which gave rise to deductive reasoning
Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE)
based on the early writings of Plato
Idealism
believes on that ideas are the only true reality
Idealism
based on the thinking of Aristotle
Realism
exists independent of the human mind
Realism
based on the thoughts of a number of nineteenth century
Pragmatism
believe that learner should apply their knowledge to real situations through an experimental inquiry
Pragmatism
based on the writings of Jean-Paul Sartre
Existentialism
the approach that focuses on a subject matter curriculum that concentrates on the culture’s great and enduring ideas, values are universal, absolute and perceptual
Idealism
The role of teacher is to present material systematically, encourage the use of objective criteria, and be effective and accountable
Realism
The teacher organizes and presents content systematically within a discipline, demonstrating use of criteria in making decisions
Realism
Students must also demonstrate the ability to think critically and scientifically, using observation and experimentation
Realism
Curriculum should be scientifically approached, standardized, and distinct-discipline based
Realism
Character is developed through training in the rules of conduct
Realism
believe that reality is constantly changing and that we learn best through applying our experiences and thoughts to solve problems
Pragmatists
teacher focus on hands on problem solving projects
Pragmatism
Students work in a group is a highly effective teaching method
Pragmatism
Individuals interpret the world from their own perceptions and create their own realities
Existentialism
The role of the instructor in this learner-centered philosophy is to be a facilitator, the basis of this philosophy is trust between the teacher and learner
Existentialism
The teacher’s role is to help students define their own essence by exposing them to various paths they may take in life
Existentialism
Creating an environment in which they may freely choose their own ideal
Existentialism
Existentialism is based on the writings of
Jean-Paul Sartre
