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Oral Anatomy > Preimplantation, Emryonic, Fetal > Flashcards

Preimplantation, Emryonic, Fetal Flashcards

1
Q

Embryonic stage:

A

Day 4- 8 weeks

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2
Q

Fetal stage:

A

8 weeks- birth

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3
Q

Chromosomal #

Mitosis-

Meiosis-

A

Mitosis- 1 parents cells divides and creates 2 daughter cells with same genetic complement.
*Diploid

Meiosis- creates daughter cells with half the # of chromosomes compared to the parent cell.
*Haploid

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4
Q

Preimplantation:

Fertilization-

Zygote-

A

Union of sperm and ovum

Newly formed cell with diploid # of chromosomes
*different from parent, undergoes meiosis

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5
Q

Preimplantation:

Morula-

Blastocyst-

A

Solid mass of cells

Fluid filled collection of cells

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6
Q

Embryonic period:

Blastocyst to embryo stage-

A

From 2nd to 8th week

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7
Q

Embryonic period:

Cytodifferentation- what are the 2 types

A

Receptors

Processes

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8
Q

Cytodifferentation receptors:

None present-

Couple receptors-

More receptors-

Still more receptors-

A

Cells will die

Couple receptors

Cells proliferate

Cells differentiate

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9
Q

Cytodifferentation processes:

Autocrine-

Paracrine-

A

Cell receives hormone or receptor stimulation from a substance produced by itself

cell receives hormone or receptor stimulation from a substance produced by a different cell

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10
Q

Preimplantation stage:

A

4-7 days

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11
Q

Types of growth:
Aptosis-
Induction-

A

Programmed cell death.
*babies have webbed hands before birth. Aptosis kills those cells and cause fingers.

1 group of cells starting development of another cellular group.

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12
Q

Types of growth:

Proliferation-

Interstitial-

Appositional-

A

More cells (a lot of)

Additional outer layers of cells *outside ball

occurs deep within a tissue *inside ball

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13
Q

Differentiation:

Histodifferentiation-

Morphodifferentiation-

A

Development of different tissues.

Development of different form = structure or shape

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14
Q

Differentiation:

Morphogenesis-

Maturation-

A

Process where tissues evolve into more complex structures. *shape very specific (complex) ex-enamel

Ongoing physiological processes which impacts the final form/function.

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15
Q

Second week:

Blaminar embryonic disc-

Amniotic cavity-

A

Forms directly from the blastocyst
*epiblast layer, hypoblast layer

Fluid filled

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16
Q

Second week:

Yolk sac-

Trophoblastic layer-

A

Provides nourishment until placenta is established.

Outer layer, highly invasive layer

17
Q

Layer order:

A 
Blastocyst 
Bilaminer
Amniotic cavity
Epiblast 
Hypoblast
Yolk sac 
Trophoblastic
18
Q

Third week:

Mesenchymal cells-

A

Formed from migration of epiblast.
*Complete migration=trilaminar disc

Epiblast to ectoderm
Mesenchymal to mesoderm
Hypoblast to endoderm

19
Q

Third week:

Primitive streak

A

From proliferation of ectoderm at the mid-line or the disc

20
Q

Neural crest cells:

Neural crest cells-

Trilaminar embryonic disc-

A

Arise from proliferation of ectoderm adjacent to primitive streak

Primitive streak matures into notocord who supports the primitive embryo

21
Q

Third week:

Ectoderm-

A

Skin, CNS & PNS, hair, nails, enamel, and lining of oral cavity

22
Q

Third week:

Mesoderm-

A

Bone, muscles, circulatory and reproductive systems, internal organs, Dentin, pulp, and cementum.

23
Q

Third week:

Endoderm-

A

Lining of respiratory passages, glandular organs, and digestive system.

24
Q

Fourth week:

Embryonic folding-

A

Will cause endoderm to become the deepest tissue. Ectoderm will be most superficial tissue.

25
Q

Fourth week:

Orientation of tissues-
*2 layers
Buccopharyngeal-
cloacal-

A

Disc is now tubular in shape. Only 2 membranes have only 2 tissue layers: buccopharyngeal and cloacal

Buccopharyngeal- will become the primitive mouth
Cloacal- will become the anus

26
Q

Fourth week:

Neural tube development-

A

Anterior end- gives rise to brain
*anacephlia

Posterior end- gives rise to the spinal cord
*spinabifida

27
Q

Teratogens:

What is it and what causes it(4)?

A

Problems in development, interacts with differentiation *making of a monster

  1. Infectious disease (rubes,German measles)
  2. X-radiation
  3. Drugs
  4. Nutritional deficiencies
28
Q

General steps in development (3)

A
  1. Initiation *start –> simple mitosis
  2. Proliferation
  3. Differentiation *different types of tissues
29
Q

Stomodeum or stomatodeum (3)

A
  1. Primitive mouth
  2. Disintegration-oropharyngeal membrane joins primitive mouth and primitive pharynx
  3. Will give rise to the mouth
30
Q

Dentin pulp and cementum come from what layer in 3rd week?

A

Mesoderm

31
Q

Enamel and the oral cavity come from what layer 3rd week?

A

Ectoderm

Oral Anatomy (16 decks)

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