Learning Plan 1 Flashcards
Dental arches
Maxillary- upper teeth
Mandibular- lower teeth
Only bone that moves in the skull
Mandibular
Homodont
One form, one function
Ex: animals, shark
Heterodont
Several forms in the same arch with many functions
Ex: humans
1 Heterodont quad contains what teeth
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars
Only in permanent dentitions
Premolars (bicuspids)
Incisors function
Cutting
Canine function
Piercing
Premolars function
Holding and grinding
Molars function
Grinding
Polyphyodontism
Many sets of teeth
Continuous replacement of teeth
Ex: animals
Diphyodontism
2 sets of teeth
Ex: humans
Deciduous (primary) and permanent
How many teeth in Primary/deciduous? And when do they erupt?
20, 6mos-2yrs
How many teeth in secondary/permanent? When do they erupt?
32, 6-12yrs (except wisdom teeth)
Dentition
Natural teeth in the dental arch
Functions of primary dentitions?
Alignment, formation, speech, and mastication(eating)
Functions of secondary dentitions?
Esthetics(bright/white), speech and mastication(eating)
Secondary succedaneous
Permanent tooth that replaces a primary tooth. “Succeed”
Ex: premolars,
Secondary nonsuccedaneous
Permanent molars
“Nonsucceed”
Gingiva
Soft tissues surrounding the teeth.
Pink in color
Teeth components
Hard tissues.
Mastication.
4 traits- incisors, canine, premolars, molars
Tissues of the teeth
Enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp
How mineralized is enamel?
97%
Dentin is..
Can it repair itself?
Bulk of tooth structure
May repair itself limitedly
Color of enamel is based on what 3 things?
How thick enamel is, how mineralized, color of dentin
Cementum
Covers dentin on ROOT surface
Pulp
Middle of tooth
Pulp consists of
Chamber, canal, and horn
Functions of the pulp in teeth
Vascular-supplies blood
Neurological- sensation
nourishment-
Anatomical crown-
The portion of the tooth covered with enamel (white area)
Clinical crown-
Portion of the tooth seen in oral cavity
-starts at Gingiva
Anatomical root-
Covered with cementum
Clinical root-
Not seen in oral cavity
Acrodont attachment-
Teeth are fused to the height of the alveolar ridge
ex: snakes
Pleurodont attachment-
Teeth are fused to the side of alveolar ridge
Ex: alligators and lizards
Thecodont attachment-
Teeth held in jaw by root. Alveolar bone around root.
Ex: humans
Cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
Where cementum and enamel meet
30% meet
60% overlap
10% don’t meet (gap) (dentin more sensitive)
Dentinenameljunction (DEJ)-
Where dentin and enamel meet
Dentinocementum junction (DCJ)-
Where dentin and cementum meet
Alveolar process-
What we call bone that supports teeth and surrounds
Apical foramen-
Opening near apex of tooth
Furcation-
Branching of tooth with more than one root
Bi- 2 roots, molars mostly, one premolar
Tri- 3 roots
Root trunk-
“Unbranched” portion of multirooted tooth
Root apex-
End of root
Periodontal ligament (PDL)
Fibrous ligament that connects cementum>alveolar process
Tooth>bone
Apical foramen-
Where blood supply enters at end of root
Gomphosis
Thecodonts
Humans are…
Heterodont, Thecodont, Diphyodont
Quadrant formulas
Primary- 2-1-2
Permanent- 2-1-2-3
Mixed dentition
Both types of dentition in humans. When numbering use adult or baby tooth number as needed.
Ex: 123D5
Primary universal numbering
A-J, K-T
Upper right primary molar to left primary molar then LL>RL
Primary palmer number
A-E w quad designation
A=central incisors
FDI primary numbering
5-8 for quad 1-5 for tooth
Ex:55= 5thquad,UR, 2nd molar
Universal numbering for permanent teeth
Continuous # system 1-32
1-8 9-16
17-24 25-32
Palmer numbering for permanent teeth
1-8 w quad designation. (Orthodontist use)
FDI system for permanent teeth
1-4 quad
1-8 tooth
11-18, 21-28, 31-38, 41-48
Anterior
Front teeth: incisors and canines
Posterior
Back teeth: premolars and molars
Sextant 1 2 3 4 5 6
1-5 molars, premolars 6-11 canines, incisors 12-16 premolars, molars 17-21 premolars, molars 22-27 canines, incisors 28-32 molars, premolars
D-A-Q-T
Dentition-primary vs permanent
Arch-maxillary vs mandibular
Quadrant-left vs right
Tooth-type and class
Type and class=what kind 1st or 2nd, lateral or central, inc,can,pre,mol
Root thirds
Apical, middle, cervical
Crown thirds
Cervical, middle, occlusal/incisal
Proximal surface thirds
Buccal, middle, lingual
Direct view thirds
Mesial, middle, distal
Line angles
Indicates where 2 surfaces intersect or meet
Ex: labiolincisor
Point angles
Where 3 surfaces meet or intersect
Ex: a specific spot/dot