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Oral Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves leave the brain through..

A

Foramina or fissures

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2
Q

PNS cranial nerves

A

12 nerves
Attach directly to the brain
Can be sensory or motor or both

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3
Q

CN 1 Olfactory:

Function-

Location-

Sensory or motor-

A

Smell

Anterior cranial fossa- fibers travel through the cribriform plate

Pure sensory

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4
Q

CN 2 optic:

Function-

Location-

Sensory or motor-

A

Sight

Optic canal to posterior globe

Sensory

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5
Q

CN 3 oculomotor:

Function-

Location-

S or M-

A

Extra ocular movement

Superior orbital fissure

Motor

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6
Q

CN 4 trochlear:

Function-

Location-

S or M-

A

Extra ocular movement

Superior orbital fissure

Motor

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7
Q

CN 5 trigeminal:

Known as the _____ cranial nerve

Motor or sensory

A

Largest

Both

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8
Q

CN 5 trigeminal 3 divisions:

A

Opthalmic 5-1
Maxillary 5-2
Mandibular 5-3

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9
Q

CN 5-1 opthalmic (smallest)

Function-

Location-

S or M-

A

Sensory to forehead region

Superior orbital fissure

Sensory

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10
Q

3 branches of 5-1 opthalmic:

S or M-

Location-

A

All sensory

Go to forehead

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11
Q

CN 5-2 maxillary:

Function:

Location:

Major branches:

A

Sensory (afferent)

Foramen rotundum

Maxillary sinuses
Nasal cavity
Palate
Skin around

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12
Q

Branches of 5-2:

A 
Zygomatic nerve
Infraorbital nerve
ASA/MSA
Posterior superior alveolar nerve (PSA)
Pterygopalatine ganglion 
Nasopalatine nerve
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13
Q

5-2 branch- zygomatic nerve

Function-

Location-

A

Sensory for lacrimal gland, skin of cheek, and temporal area

Enters pterygopalatine fossa from the inferior orbital fissure

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14
Q

5-2 branch - infraorbital nerve

Function-

Location-

A

Direct anterior continuation of V2, sensory, loser eyelid, upper lip, side of nose

Anterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar
Passes through infraorbital Foramen creating ASA and MSA

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15
Q

5-2 branch of infraorbital- ASA/MSA

Function-

M or s-

A

ASA: Max ant teeth, labial gingiva and periodontium
MSA: Max premolars and mesial buccal root, Max 1st molar, buccal gingiva and periodontium

*MSA exists in about 27% of people

Sensory

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16
Q

5-2 branch- posterior superior alveolar (PSA)-

Function-

Location-

A

Maxillary molars except the mesial buccal root of the 1st molar, surrounds periodontium

Arises after the pterygopalatine ganglion

17
Q

5-2 branch- pterygopalatine ganglion

Function-

3 branches:

A

Sensory

Lesser- area posterior to its Foramen (soft palate and palatine tonsils)
Greater- posterior palatial gingiva
Naso- anterior palatal tissue

  • foramen b/w 8-9
  • palatal tissues b/w 6-11
18
Q

5-2 branch- nasopalatine nerve

Function-

Location-

S or M-

A

Anterior palatal tissues 6-11, may contribute to anterior teeth

May anastomose with the greater palatine nerve

Sensory

19
Q

5-3 Mandibular

Function-

Location-

A

Sensory and motor

Passes through foramen ovale

*ROS

20
Q

5-3 motor branches off Mandibular-

*muscles of mastication + mylohyoid

Nerves:

A

Temporal nerves
Masseteric nerve
Mesial and lateral pterygoid nerves
Mylohyoid nerve- floor of mouth

21
Q

5-3 sensory branches off Mandibular:

A

Buccal, auriculotemporal, lingual, inferior alveolar, mental, incisive

22
Q

Sensory branches of V3

Buccal:

Auriculotemporal:

A

Buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva associated with the Mandibular molars.

Ear and skin surrounding the ear

23
Q

Sensory branches of V3-

Lingual:

Inferior alveolar:

A

Body of tongue, floor of mouth and lingual Mandibular gingiva. Travels with chordatympani.

Between army’s and sphenomandibular ligament, enters mandibular foramen

24
Q

Sensory branches off V3-

Mental:

Incisive:

A

Facial soft tissues and Buccal mucosa from foramen anteriorly

2nd premolar anterior with Buccal gingiva and periodontium.

  • considered the terminal branch of IA
  • both are branches of IA
25
Q

CN 6 Abducens

Function

Location

S or M

A

Extra ocular movement

Superior orbital fissure

Pure motor

*lazy eye

26
Q

What cranial nerves have the function extra ocular movement

A

3,4, 6

27
Q

CN 7 Facial

Function

Location

Branches with parotid gland

A

Sensory and motor

Stylomastoid foramen

Chordatympani for the ant 2/3 of tongue (sublingual and submandibular gland)
Paralysis

28
Q

5 branches of CN 7 Facial

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Bi cal
Marginal mandibular 
Cervical

*hand to face

29
Q

CN 8 Acoustic

Function

Location

S or M

A

Hearing and equilibrium

Internal acoustic meatus

Pure sensory

30
Q

CN 9 Glossopharyngeal

Function

Location

S or M

A

Motor- to muscles of soft palate, parotid gland and middle ear
Sensory- post 1/3 of tongue

Exits through jugular foramen

Mixed

31
Q

CN 10 Vagus

Function

Location

S or M

A

Most smooth muscles of the body, cardiac muscles and glands

Exits jugular
*extends more than any other CN

Mixed

“Soft palate nerve”

32
Q

CN 11 Spinal Accessory

Function

Location

S or M

A

Trapezius and SCM

Exits jugular foramen

Pure motor

33
Q

CN 12 Hypoglossal

Function

Location

S or M

A

Tongue muscles and contributes to trapezius, SCM, soft palate and pharynx

Hypoglossal canal (skull)

Pure motor

Oral Anatomy (16 decks)

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