pregnancy and reproduction

Question 1

diagram of endocrine control of partruition

Answer 1

diagram

Question 2

3 functions of oxytocin

Answer 2

uterine contraction, cervical dilation, milk ejection

Question 3

diagram of endocrine control of lactation

Answer 3

diagram

Question 4

endocrine control of lactation

Answer 4

suckling stimulus -> neural pathways -> hypothalamus -> pituitary -> adenohypohysis secretes prolactin causing milk synthesis + neurohypophysis secretes oxytocin causing milk ejection

Question 5

master controller of reproductive axis: kisspeptin

high proclactin

Answer 5

prolactin acts directly on kisspeptin expressing neurones, suppressing it, lowering activation on GnRH secretion; negative feedback by oestrogen; anorexia: low leptin so switches off kisspeptin neurone and everything downwards MORE

Question 6

marathon runners with low testosterone (male) or galactorrhoea (female)

Answer 6

nipple stimulation during running