gonads Flashcards
polycystic ovary syndrome: List the diagnostic criteria, recall the clinical features, investigations and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
incidence of PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) in women of reproductive age
1 in 12
what 2 things is PCOS associated with
increased CVS risk and insulin resistance, causing diabetes
criteria to diagnose PCOS (need 2 of the 3)
polycystic ovaries on ultrasound, oligo-/anovulation, clinical/biochemical androgen excess
3 clinical features of PCOS
hirsuitism, menstrual cycle disturbance, increased BMI
2 drugs to treat PCOS for fertility
metformin (insulin sensitiser), clomiphene (for oligomenorrhoea)
what type of drug is clomiphene and how does it work in the hypothalamo-pituitary gonad axis to cause fertility
anti-oestrogenic, so binds to oestrogen receptors in hypothalamus, blocking normal negative feedback so causing increase in secretion of GnRH and gonadotrophins (constant oestradiol and progesterone secretion)
other method of treating PCOS for infertility
gonadotrophin therapy as part of IVF treatment
