Preg: Nutrition Flashcards
Guideline recommendations for pregnancy
- Maintain healthy weight/ Be active/ Nutritious foods and drinks to meet energy needs
- High micornutient requirements (folate and iodine, and often iron)
Wright gain recommendations for pregnancy are based on….
Pre pregnancy BMI!!
NORMAL WEIGHT = TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN OF 11.5-16 kg
Metabolism effects
Insulin requirements increase or decrease during pregnancy?
Increase during by 50% more
Fall on delivery of baby
(falls up to 40% the day after delivery)
Are food cravings related to metabolic needs?
No!
What is pica
Wanting to eat non food items 😋
Are placental hormones diabetogenic?
Yes
Extra energy throughout pregnancy?
ONLY 10% MORE THEN PRE PREGNANCY
“LITTLE CHANGE ONLY”
Importanct nutrients during FIRST trimester?
Protein
Folic acid
Vit B12
Zinc
Important nutrients during SECOND trimester
Protein
Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Vit Bs
Omega 3 fatty acids
Which group is folate apart of
Vit a
Vit b
Vit b
Folate
How much?
Non pregnant woman = 400
Peri contraception (1 month before) = 600
Lactation = 500
Iodine recommends…
220 = pregnancy
270= lactating
Are organic and specially bread exempt from mandatory fortification with folic acid and iodine?
Yes they are.
(Eg. Gluten free bread)
Which minerals are qt risk of deficiency with vegetarian diets in pregnancy
Pregnancy = fe, zn, ca, b12
Lactation = vit d, ca, b12,
How can we minimise mercury intake?
Limiting top food chain fish (due to biomagnification) …
Eg
Shark, swordfish, marlin
Breastfeeding recommendations
Exclusive till 6 months.
(15% exclusively breastfeed till 5 months)
Which 2 vitamins are not available in breastmilk at birth?
Vit K (given at birth)
Vit D (sun kicks)
Define low birth weight
2.5kg or less at birth
Define macrosomia
Over 4 kg baby
Energy requirements of infant performance day
1800 to 2000 kJ per day
When dose the energy requirements of am infant drop?
After 6 months, drop in energy requirements as growth slows down…. But increases activity requires more
Ratios of macro nutrients in breastmilk?
39% carbs
55% fat
6% protein
What is recommended as first foods for 6 month old?
Iron containing foods
To prevent deficiency
Which 2 products should a 6 month old beginning food, not have?
- Honey
- Undercooked eggs
