Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacotherapeutics > Geri: Lungs > Flashcards

Geri: Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Age relayed changes in the lungs?

A
  1. Structure changes = less elastics
  2. less chest wall compliance and less respiratory muscle strength
  3. Less cough and muscous clearance (impaired
  4. Brain leas responsive to hypoxia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 3 airway diseases

A

Asthma
copd
Bronchiectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name on parenchymal disease

A

Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define asthma

A

Chronic inflammatory disease or the airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Asthma in the elderly…

A
  1. Increased morbidity
  2. Difficulties with med delivery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are lungs affected long term?

A

Remodelling and reduced lung function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define COPD

A

Preventable and treatable disease

Airway limitation in the ling that is usuay partially reverse and generally progressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Does COPD have extrapulmonary manifestations?

A

Yes!!

Muscle wasting
Osteoporosis
Depression
Anaemia
Hepatomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do we determine COPD severity? Which test?

A

Spirometry (breathlessness = FEV1%)

OTHER Symptoms:

sputum
Fatigue
Decreased mobility
Muscle wasting
Low self esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

COPD phenotypes

A

All link…

Chronic bronchitis

Emphysema

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe Emphysema

A

Destruction of lung tissue

Loose alveoli number and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is COPD-X (Australian guidelines )

A

C: on firm diagnosis
O: OPTIMSIE FUNCTION
P: PREVENT DETERIORATION
D: DEVELOP SUPPORT NETWORK/ SELF MANAGE

X: EXACERBATIONS MANAGED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can we reduce risk of COPD

A

Stop smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Non pharmacological management strategies for COPD

A

Counselling
VACCINATIONS
Pulmonary Rehab
Bronchial hygiene
Oxygen therapy
Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vaccinations for COPD

A
  1. Influenza
  2. Pneumonococcal

Both prevent exacerbations, hospitalisations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is pulmonary Rehab?

What dose it include

A

Exercise training

Nutritional assessment

Patient education

17
Q

Proven benefits of pulmonary Rehab?

A

Improves dyspnoea and fatigue

Improves Max workload, oxygen uptake and endurance

Decrease hospitalisations

Increases adherence to meds

18
Q

Who needs Long Term Oxygen Therapy? (LTOT)

A

For stage 4 COPD (SEVERE HYPOXIA)
more than 15 hours per day to patients with chronic respiratory failure

19
Q

Side effect of LAMAS (ipratorpium and tiotropium

A

Dry mouth

20
Q

Morbidities common in COPD

A

Depression/anxiety

Chest infections

Right heart failure

Osteoporosis

21
Q

Management of coexistent ASTHMA & COPD

A
  1. TRIAL ICS 6-8 weeks
    To determine if significant airway inflammation
  2. Consider ICS+LABA/LAMA
  3. Pulmonary Rehab
22
Q

What is bronchiectasis

A

Abnormally dilated medium sized airway bronchi

23
Q

Causes of BRONCHIectasis

A

Inherited (CF)

Post infection

Tumour

24
Q

Describe BRONCHIectasis

A
  1. Chronic sputum production
  2. Mucus plugging
  3. Bronchial wall thickening
  4. Repeated episodes of infection
  5. Airflow obstruction
25
Q

Common cause of pneumonia (bug)

A

10-15% strep pneumoniae

26
Q

Who does community acquired EXCLUDE?

A

Patients who had been in hospital in previous 10 days

27
Q

Clinical features of pneumonia may include FEVER?

A

Absence of fever in elderly doesn’t exclude pneumonia!!!

Confusion may be the only symptom….

28
Q

What can go wrong with pneumonia…?

A

Pleural effusion

Empyema (pus in a cavity)

Abscess (localised collection of pus in an organ or tissue)

Septicaemia (severe infection due to spread into blood)

Respiratory failure (hypoxia and multi organ failure)

Scarring

29
Q

Methods used to test severity in CAP

A

CURB 65

PNEUMONIA SEVERITY INDEX (PSI)

SMART-COP

***CORB (severe CAP is 2+ features):

C: acute Confusion
O: OXYGEN SAT 90% lesss?
R: RESPIRATORY RATE 30+ breaths per min
B: systolic BLOOD PRESSURE <90mmHg or diastolic <60mmHg

30
Q

Physiological changes with aging cause?

Increase or decrease pulmonary reserve?

A

Decrease

Pharmacotherapeutics (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions