Predation Flashcards
HSS Model
The world is green
Lotka-Volterra Predation Model
dNprey/dt=rNprey-c(functional response)NpredatorsNprey. dNpred/dt=b(numerical response)cNpredNprey-d(mortality rate)Npred
Batesian Mimicry
resemblance of a palatable or harmless species to unpalatable or dangerous
Mullerian Mimicry
many unpalatable or dangerous or chemically defended species share a same color pattern
aggressive mimicry neutral population cycle
predator resembles prey
numerical responses
change in size of a population of predators in response to change in density of its prey
optimal foraging strategy
tendency of animals to harvest food efficiently, selecting food sizes or food patches that supply maximum food intake for energy expended
marginal value theorem
how long should predator stay in patch
coevolution
change in genetic composition of one species in response to a change in another species over time
red queen hypothesis
predators and prey coevolve in a way that sustains the interaction(evolutionary arm race)
gape limited
eat everything smaller than it
Guild
group of species that utilize similar resources
bottom up
energy from lower trophic levels influences abundances at higher trophic levels
top down
predators control prey adundance
cannabilism
consuming same species
Type I Functional response
characteristic of passive predators such as spiders that dpend on prey happening upon their web or filter feeders.1st Chart positive straight diagonal-straight line
Type II Functional response
per capita rate of predation increases in a decelerating fashion only up to a maximum rate that is attained at some high prey density. as the # of prey captured during the total time increases, the handling time increases, decreasing the time available for further searching . the result is a declining mortality rate of prey with increasing prey density. most commonly reported for predators
Type III Functional response
at high prey density, functional response is similar to type II. chart is sigmoidal shape.
search image
when a new prey species appears in the area, its risk of becoming selected as food by a predator is low
