Interspecific Competition Flashcards
Consumption
(Exploitative Competition) one individual consumes a resource and makes it unavailable to other species
preemption
(priority effect) individual that gets to the resource first wins
overgrowth
one individual grows over another and then limits access to resources
chemical interaction
(plants-allelopathy) one individual produces a chemical that inhibits growth of other individuals
territorial
one individual maintains a specific space and resources therein
encounter
where different species limit access to a resource for other species
Lotka-Volterra model of competition
dN/dt=rN[(K-N)/K]: species 1 will succeed, species 2 will succeed, both represent competitive exclusion, coexistence
competitive exclusion principle
when two species compete for similar resources, only one will persist
fundamental niche
full range of consitions and reources under(a) which an organism can survive and reoproduce
realized niche
portion of the fundamental niche that a species actually uses due to interactions with other species
character displacement
shift in morphology, behavior, or physiology due to competition
zero growth isoclines
an isocline along which the net population growth rate is zero
ghost of competition past
idea that competition occurres in the past, leading to character displacement. Because of character displacement, it appears that competition is not occuring in the parent
R* Rule
species that draws down limiting resource to lowest levels excludes interspecific competitors
Paradox of the plankton
observations of numerous coexisting species are at odds with theoretical predictions of few coexisting competitors
