Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Science > Pre-Final SET B > Flashcards

Pre-Final SET B Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

study of motion

A

Mechanics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A body in vertical motion where only gravity is acting on it.

A

Free Fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It could be an object thrown upward (positive initial velocity), thrown downward (negative initial velocity), or dropped (zero initial velocity).

A

Free Fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

object thrown upward

A

Positive Initial Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

object is thrown downward

A

Negative Initial Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when an object is dropped

A

Zero Initial Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two Aristotelian Motion?

A

Natural and Violent Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

for Aristotle, objects that are not in their “natural place” moves so they can go back to their rightful place

A

Natural Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

a body will move and will return to its natural state based on the body’s nature and composition.

A

Natural Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

He also theorized that this motion is proportional to the object’s weight.

A

Natural Motion / Aristotelian Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

He believed that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones. What motion is this?

A

Natural Motion / Aristotelian Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The type of motion when a force is applied to an object to make it move. This can be a “push” or “pull”

A

Violent Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This motion is not result for the objects nature, but rather by external forces acting on it.

A

Violent Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a body moving in this motion needs an external force for it to move.

A

Violent Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

He believed that heavier objects fall faster than lighter one.

A

Aristotelian Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

He believed that objects will continue
undergoing violent motion for as long as
there are external forces that act on it.

A

Aristotelian Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the only exception of Aristotle’s violent motion?

A

Celestial objects — whose natural state is always moving in a circular motion at a uniform speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Perfect non-Earth substances

A

Quintessence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The motion when an object is moving in projectile motion

A

Impetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what keeps an object moving while seeking its “natural place”?

A

Impetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When the object is released, the initial force exerted to make an object move transfers to the medium that surrounds the object.

A

Impetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

It is the force that makes an object move

A

Impetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The force that continues to push the projectile

A

Impetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What happens in the concept of impetus?

A
  • The rate at which the object will move depends on the amount of impetus imparted.
  • This impetus becomes weak as it resists the medium through which the object moves.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A body or a particle in two-dimensional motion given an initial velocity and it moves along a curved path under the influence of gravity alone

A

Projectile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the concepts under Aristotelian Motion?

A
  • Natural Motion
  • Violent Motion
  • Impetus
  • Projectile
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

His views of motion are supported by experimental evidence.

A

Galilean Motion

28
Q

Galileo believed that an object’s rate of fall is primarily influenced by what?

A

Gravity and Air Resistance

29
Q

His concept on motion is that external forces must act on an object at rest to make it move or an object in motion to make it stop moving.

A

Galileo

30
Q

He believed that objects in motion will keep on moving without the aid of an external force unless an opposite force acts to stop its movement.

A

Galileo

31
Q

What happens in the absence of air resistance?

A

two objects of varying masses would fall at the same rate.

32
Q

What did Galileo introduce?

A

Friction

33
Q

A contact force between a surface and an object that always acts opposite to the direction of an object’s movement, causing it to slow down with time.

A

Friction

34
Q

What happens in friction?

A

Rougher surfaces tend to exert more friction than smoother surfaces

35
Q

How did Galileo prove that objects will stay in motion without an external force unless an opposite force acts to stop it?

A

He rolled a ball on an inclined plane

36
Q

What happens when a body is moving down an inclined plane?

A

its acceleration increases the same value after every second.

37
Q

What happens when the inclined plane is positioned vertically?

A

The maximum acceleration of a body is attained as if the body is falling.

38
Q

What happens when the ball is moving upward on the inclined plane?

A

the speed or acceleration of the ball decreases

39
Q

What are the other conclusions by Galileo on his thought experiments?

A
  • bodies fall with constant acceleration on the surface
  • gravity pulling all bodies downward is a constant force
  • force is not necessary to sustain horizontal motion.
40
Q

What are the concepts of motion by Galileo?

A
  • Friction
  • Free Fall
  • Intertia
  • Projectile Motion
41
Q

was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author

A

Isaac Newton

42
Q

widely recognized as one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists of all time and among the most influential scientists

A

Isaac Newton

43
Q

a push or pull exerted by an object on another.

A

Force

44
Q

the amount of matter that is contained in the object.

A

Mass

45
Q

an object is the force acting on the object due to gravity.

A

Weight

46
Q

the universal force of attraction acting between all matter.

A

Gravity

47
Q

the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other.

A

Friction

48
Q

How to get Weight?

A

w = m x g

where
w - weight
m - mass
g - gravity

49
Q

What is the first law of motion?

A

Law of Inertia

50
Q

What is the Law of Inertia?

A

an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move at constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

51
Q

What happens when object is acted upon by balance force?

A

it stays at rest

52
Q

What happens when object is acted upon by unbalanced forces?

A

the object changes speed and direction.

53
Q

With the Law of Inertia, why is a passenger thrown forward when a car brakes quickly?

A

because inertia (the tendency to remain unchanged) tries to keep the passenger moving

54
Q

With the Law of Inertia, what are the forces that reduced the speed of a car?

A

friction and drag

55
Q

What is the second Law of Motion?

A

Law of Acceleration

56
Q

What is the Law of Acceleration?

A

“the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and is inversely proportional to the object’s mass. The direction of the acceleration is in the direction of the net force acting on the object.”

57
Q

What is acceleration?

A
  • directly proportional to the net force acting on it
  • inversely proportional to the object’s mass.
58
Q

What is acceleration dependent on?

A
  • net force
  • mass.
59
Q

Where is the direction of the acceleration?

A

it is in the direction of the net force acting on the object.

60
Q

What is the formula for accelation?

A

a = Fnet/m

or

a= F/m

61
Q

What is the SI Unit of Force?

A

Newton

62
Q

what is 1 Newton equals to?

A

1 kg · m/s²

63
Q

what is the SI unit of acceleration?

A

m/s²

64
Q

What is the third law of motion?

A

Law of Interaction

65
Q

What is the Law of interaction?

A

“for every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction.”

66
Q

what is the pair that always goes with the Law of Interaction?

A

action and reaction forces
or
the action-reaction pair

Physical Science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions