Midterms

Question 1

Is a pure substance that is made up of only one atom

Answer 1

Elements

Question 2

what are elements?

Answer 2

a pure substance that is made up of only one atom

Question 3

basic unit of matter

Answer 3

atom

Question 4

what is an atom?

Answer 4

basic unit of matter

Question 5

made up of subatomic particles - the proton, neutron and electron

Answer 5

atoms

Question 6

what are atoms made up?

Answer 6

subatomic particles - the proton, neutron and electron

Question 7

A substance composed of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds.

Answer 7

Compounds

Question 8

What are compounds?

Answer 8

A substance composed of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds.

Question 9

Formalism in which the valence electrons of an atom are represented as dots.

Answer 9

Lewis Symbol

Question 10

What is the Lewis Symbol?

Answer 10

Formalism in which the valence electrons of an atom are represented as dots.

Question 11

The electrons of atoms that participate in the formation of chemical bonds

Answer 11

Valence Electron

Question 12

What are valence electron?

Answer 12

The electrons of atoms that participate in the formation of chemical bonds

Question 13

A lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical

Answer 13

Chemical Bond

Question 14

What is a Chemical Bond?

Answer 14

A lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical

Question 15

A chemical bond where two atoms share valence electrons in order to achieve a noble gas electronic configuration.

Answer 15

Covalent Bond

Question 16

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 16

A chemical bond where two atoms share valence electrons in order to achieve a noble gas electronic configuration.

Question 17

is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Answer 17

Molecule

Question 18

What is a molecule?

Answer 18

an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Question 19

What two factors determine the polarity of molecules?

Answer 19

1. the polarity of bonds based on the electronegativity difference of the atoms involved
2. the geometrical shape of the molecules which can be predicted via Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory.

Question 20

a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule.

Answer 20

Lewis Structure

Question 21

What is the Lewis Structure?

Answer 21

a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule.

Question 22

What does the Lewis Structure show?

Answer 22

how the electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule.

Question 23

How are Electrons shown in the Lewis Structure?

Answer 23

they are shown as “dots” or for bonding electrons as a line between the two atoms.

Question 24

Formalism is used to show the structure of a molecule or compound, in which shared electron pairs between atoms are indicated by dashes.

Answer 24

Lewis Structure

Question 25

What must also be shown in the Lewis Structure?

Answer 25

Non-bonding, lone pairs

Question 26

Atoms try to achieve the electronic configuration of the noble gas nearest to them in the periodic table by achieving a full valence level with eight electrons.

Answer 26

Octet Rule

Question 27

What is the octet rule?

Answer 27

Atoms try to achieve the electronic configuration of the noble gas nearest to them in the periodic table by achieving a full valence level with eight electrons.

Question 28

What are the Molecular Shapes?

Answer 28

- Trigonal Pyramidal - Bent / Angular - Tetrahedral - Linear

Question 29

a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons (or electron density) towards itself.

Answer 29

Electronegativity

Question 30

What is Electronegativity?

Answer 30

a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons (or electron density) towards itself.

Question 31

are those that possess regions of positive and negative charge. Water is an example of a polar material.

Answer 31

Polar Molecules

Question 32

what are Polar Molecules?

Answer 32

are those that possess regions of positive and negative charge. Water is an example of a polar material.

Question 33

are those that do not possess regions of positive and negative charge.

Answer 33

Nonpolar Molecules

Question 34

What are nonpolar molecules?

Answer 34

are those that do not possess regions of positive and negative charge.

Question 35

The absolute value of the difference in electronegativities of two bonded atoms provides a measure of the polarity of a bond.

Answer 35

Electronegativity Differences

Question 36

What are Electronegativity Differences?

Answer 36

The absolute value of the difference in electronegativities of two bonded atoms provides a measure of the polarity of a bond.

Question 37

provides a measure of the polarity of a bond.

Answer 37

Electronegativity Differences

Question 38

Important note about electronegativity differences?

Answer 38

The greater the difference, the more polar the bond

Question 39

What are the Types of Bonds and their Electronegativity Difference?

Answer 39

Ionic - greater than 1.7 Polar Covalent - 0.5 to 1.6 Nonpolar Covalent - less than 0.4

Question 40

result when polar bonds are arranged in a nonsymmetrical molecular geometry.

Answer 40

Polar Molecules

Question 41

How does Polar Molecules happen?

Answer 41

it is a result of polar bonds that are arranged in a nonsymmetrical molecular geometry.

Question 42

A molecule with two poles is called

Answer 42

Dipole

Question 43

A molecule with two poles is called?

Answer 43

Dipole

Question 44

What is a dipole?

Answer 44

A molecule with two poles

Question 45

results from the unequal distribution of electron density throughout a molecule.

Answer 45

Molecular Dipole

Question 46

What is a molecular dipole?

Answer 46

results from the unequal distribution of electron density throughout a molecule.