Pre-AP World History Test #4

Question 1

Athens

Answer 1

capital and heart of ancient Greece

Question 2

Sparta

Answer 2

city-state, had the most political authority, and had modernized beliefs

Question 3

Persia

Question 4

Alexandria

Answer 4

resembled much older empires; an imperial state determined to preserve order, raise taxes, and maintain the authority of the monarch.

Question 5

Bactria

Question 6

Asia Minor

Answer 6

peninsula in Western Asia and consists of Italy, Greece, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Egypt, Libya, Israel and Lebanon.

Question 7

Ionia - region on the western coast of Anatolia

Answer 7

Greeks in Ionia (Anatolia) revolt against Persian Rule in 499 BCE.
Athenians support.
Persians send troops to crush rebellion and try to defeat Athens in 490 and 480 BCE

Question 8

Battle of Marathon

Answer 8

490 bce
Persian king darius
Greeks win

Question 9

Battle of Thermopylae (300)

Answer 9

480 bce
Persian king xerxes

Question 10

Battle of Salamis

Answer 10

Final defeat of persians at sea

Question 11

Herodotus

Answer 11

“first historian” as his writing about the Greco-Persian War had suggested the humans were the ones behind the conflict, not simply the gods.

Question 12

Thucydides

Answer 12

“greatest historian”
General in the Peloponnesian war, later wrote its history
He saw the activities of human beings- not gods
He thought the study of history was of great value in understanding the presence

Question 13

Satrap

Answer 13

Persian governor; “eyes and ears” of the Persian kings in their respective provinces.

Question 14

Satrapies

Answer 14

the area/province governed by a satrap.

Question 15

Empire

Answer 15

The domination of one state by another

Question 16

Royal Road

Answer 16

1,677 miles, royal messengers took 7 days, while most took 3 months.

Question 17

Persepolis:

Answer 17

capital of the Persian Empire; name comes from the Greek Perses-polis (Persian City).

Question 18

Direct Democracy:

Answer 18

Each and every vote is counted as a single vote towards a poll (Athens)

Question 19

Alexander the Great

Answer 19

Philip II of Macedon conquered most of the Greek city-states but was assassinated in 336 BCE and his son Alexander took the throne. Alexander wanted to destroy the Persian threat to the Greek World and waged military campaigns against the Persians. For ten years, Alexander seized territory as far east as Afghanistan and India but eventually died in 323 BCE in Babylon.

Question 20

Socrate

Answer 20

a philosopher who believed the goal of education was only to improve the individual; believed people could be happy by living moral lives, and that they could also be taught how to behave morally.

Question 21

Plato

Answer 21

believed that only experts should rule as ruling is a skill; in a democracy people “rule” and people are not experts.

Question 22

Allegory of the Cave

Question 23

Helots

Question 24

Pericles

Answer 24

an Athenian general and politician who believed that Athenian democracy considered everyone to be free. Social class wouldn’t affect one’s abilities as long as one is able to serve the state.

Question 25

King Cyrus

Question 26

King Darius

Answer 26

Led the persian army which Alexander attacked and defeated in 331 bc.

Question 27

Hellenism

Answer 27

Hellenistic culture is the blending of Greek culture with Egyptian, Persian and Indian culture.
Alexandria, Egypt became the seat of learning for the empire: Famous library of Alexandria
The arts flourished as did philosophy, science and literature

Question 28

King Xerxes

Question 29

How did Sparta expand?

Answer 29

They chose to conquer instead of creating colonies.

Question 30

Golden Age of Athens

Answer 30

After the Persian war, Athenians had become somewhat of an imperialistic society. During the Peloponnesian War, Athens was defeated. This vulnerability led to a takeover from Macedonia, causing the collapse of Greek civilization.

Question 31

Impact of the Greco/Persian Wars

Answer 31

Creation of east vs west divide - us vs them
Crusades, Opium War, 9/11 and war of terror
Formation of a greek national identity

Question 32

Black Athena Debate

Answer 32

the argument that the development of Greek civilization was heavily influenced by Afroasiatic civilizations.

• The Greeks themselves are descendents of Egyptians
• Egypt provided many of the intellectual and artistic contributions later attributed to the classical Greeks.

Question 33

Polis

Answer 33

A town, city, or village where people could meet for political, religious, and social activities

Question 34

What was life like for Spartan men?

Answer 34

Tightly controlled lives
Enrolled in military at 20
At 30, they were allowed to vote in the assembly

Question 35

What was life like for Spartan women?

Answer 35

Lived at home
Expected to remain fit to bear and raise healthy children

Question 36

Describe Spartan government

Answer 36

Oligarchy - rule by the few

Question 37

Why did the Spartans discourage the study of philosophy, literature, and the arts?

Answer 37

The art of war was the Spartan ideal, all other arts were forced upon.

Question 38

Why did the Spartans discourage the study of philosophy, literature, and the arts?

Answer 38

The art of war was the Spartan ideal, all other arts were forced upon.