Pragmatics Flashcards
Pragmatics
Study of implied meanings
Linguistic context
Context within words and grammar
Physical context
Objects surrounding the communication as well as place and time
Utterance
A segment of speech
Schema
A bundle of knowledge about a concept, person or event
Cooperative principle
The general principle that people work together to communicate
Conversational (Grice’s) maxims
Explicit principle that provide a backdrop for a conversation to take place
The Maxim of Quantity
Do not say too little or too late
The Maxim of Quality
To speak the truth
The Maxim of Relevance
Keep what is being said relevant to topic
The Maxim of Manner
Be clear and avoid ambiguity
Impliciture
An implied meaning that has to be inferred by a speaker as a result of the maxims being broken
Politeness Theory
When threatened language changes
Positive face
Feels appreciated and valued
Negative face
The desire to feel independent and not imposed on
Face threatening act
Something threatens our positive or negative face
Interrogative
Using a question or rhetorical question to lesson the impact of a face saving act
Direct request
Commanding request
Indirect request
Avoids confrontational and creates implication
Positive politeness strategy
“Im sorry but” response
Negative politeness strategy
Trying not to disrupt independence
Dietic
A word/ expression meaning depedant on the context
Personal diexis
Names and personal pronouns
Temperoral Deixis
Adverbs of time
Spatial Deixis (place)
Adverbs of place
Spatial prximal deixis
Refers to concepts, events or people close to the speaker ‘this’
Spatial distal deixis
Refers to concepts, events or people at a. Distant to the speaker ‘that’
Demonstrative
Used to indicate which entities are being referenced to
Deitic verba
Motions verbs ‘come’ ‘go’
