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Englush Language > Phonology > Flashcards

Phonology Flashcards

1
Q

Phonology

A

The study of speech sounds

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2
Q

Phonetics

A

The sound of speech is articulated

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3
Q

Phenome

A

The smallest unit of sound

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4
Q

A non-phonetic language

A

Words whose pronunciation and the spelling doesn’t match

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5
Q

Grapheme

A

The smallest meaningful contrastive unit in a writing system

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6
Q

Syllable

A

A single unit of speech of a word

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7
Q

Monosyllabic

A

One syllable

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8
Q

Polysyllabic

A

Multiple syllables

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9
Q

Vowel

A

Open speech sound

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10
Q

Articulars

A

Vocal organs about the larynx that form constant sounds

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11
Q

Constants

A

Speech sound with breath at least obstructed

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12
Q

IPA

A

International Phonetic Alphabet

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13
Q

Received Pronunciation

A

A traditionally associated with a high social status

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14
Q

Phonetic spelling

A

A system of spelling in which each letter represents one spoken sound

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15
Q

Voiced sounds

A

Speech sounds produced with the vocal chords vibrating
(Vowels)

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16
Q

Unvoiced sounds

A

Consonant sounds that are made without vibrating the vocal chords

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17
Q

Diphthongs

A

A sound formed by the combination of two vowels into a single syllable

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18
Q

Dental

A

Tongue placed between the teeth

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19
Q

Labiodental

A

Lips and teeth come together

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20
Q

Place of Articulation

A

an approximate location along the vocal tract where its production occurs

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21
Q

Great vowel shift

A

a massive sound change affecting the long vowels of English during the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries

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22
Q

Bilabial

A

Produced at the lips

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23
Q

Alveolar

A

Tip of the tongue on the alveoli ridge

24
Q

Post- alveolar

A

Tip of the tongue and roof of the mouth

25
Q

Palatal

A

The tongue and hard palate

26
Q

Velar

A

Back of the tongue and velar

27
Q

Glottal

A

At the glottis (h)

28
Q

Complete closure

A

Complete closure is made in the oral cavity

29
Q

Close approximation

A

So close together is made audible friction (fricative)

30
Q

Open approximation

A

No friction as there’s more open space

31
Q

Manner of articulation

A

Way the airstream is affected as it flows from the lungs and out the nose and mouth

32
Q

Plosive

A

Completely obstructed like an explosion, abrupt and quick

33
Q

Fricative

A

Lesser obstruction causing friction, continuous (s, f)

34
Q

Affricates

A

Double symbols to show a plosive followed by a fricative

35
Q

Nasals

A

Produced by air coming out through the nose (m, n, ng)

36
Q

Laterals

A

Produced at the tip of the tongue

37
Q

Approximants

A

Property is being midway between consonants and vowels

38
Q

Glottal

A

Closure of the vocal chords (h)

39
Q

Prosody

A

The patterns of stress and annotations in a language

40
Q

Pitch

A

A relative high or low in a voice

41
Q

Intonation

A

The rise and fall of the voice in speech

42
Q

Rhythm

A

Timing pattern of individual syllables

43
Q

Stress

A

The prominence of individual syllable

44
Q

Non-verbal behaviour

A

Such as eye contact and facial expressions

45
Q

Paralanguage

A

Aspects of an individual’s vocal expression (whispering, laughter and breathiness)

46
Q

Linguistic iconicity

A

The similarity or analogy between a linguistic sign and its meaning

47
Q

Sound symbolism

A

Similarity between speech sounds and concept meanings

48
Q

Consonance

A

A pattern of repeated constant sounds

49
Q

Assonance

A

A pattern of repeated vowel sounds

50
Q

Sibilance

A

A pattern of repeated fricative sounds

51
Q

Lexical onomatopoeia

A

Words that have some associated meaning between their sound and what they represent

52
Q

Non-lexical onomatopoeia

A

Nonetheless are intended to signify some meanings through their sound

53
Q

The Takate-malama effect

A

A cognitive neuroscience phenomenon that links certain language sounds with angular or round shapes

54
Q

Hetrophones

A

Same spelling but very different pronunciation and meanings

55
Q

Homophones

A

Pronounced the same but meanings are different

Englush Language (6 decks)

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