Grammar Flashcards
Grammar
The organisation of language
Prescriptivist
Someone who focuses on the rules of Grammar and believes in the correct and incorrect
Descriptivist
Someone who focuses more on how language is actually used
Morphology
Study of word formation
Syntax
How lexical words are ordered into phrases, clauses and sentences
Morphemes
An element of meaning smaller than a word
Root
Most basic part of a word (no prefixes or suffixes)
Prefix
A morpheme placed before another
Suffix
A morpheme placed after another
Inflectional function
When an affix changes the grammatical function of the word but not the meaning
Derivations function
When an affix creates a new word with a new meaning
Verb phrase
Group of words that surround a verb
Noun Phrase
Words that act like a noun around a noun
Head word
A word or term placed at the beginning
Pre—modifier
A word or phrase that appears before a noun to limit meaning
Qualified
Used to attribute a quality to another word
Post-modifier
Used after another word to limit meaning
Quantifier
An expression that indicates the scope of a term which is attached
Article
Comes before a noun in a sentence
Phrase
A group of words that are grammatically connected a defined by its head word
Verb phrase
Group of words built around a head verb
Primary auxiliary verb
Helps to form different texts
‘be’ ‘do’ ‘have’
Modal verb
Indicates a possibility, permission, abbiltiy or willingness
(can, should, will, might, could, should, must, may, shall, ought to, used to, need, dare)
Clause
Group of words that contain a subject and a verb that have a relationship
Subject
Acts on the verb
Verb
Doing word
Object
The entity being acted upon on
Complement
An attitude of the subject
Adverbial
The circumstance of the verb
Active voice
Agent is in subject possession, verb phrase in past or present tense
Passive voice
Agent is left out or placed later in the clause uses a propositional phrase
