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MD3001 Cardiology > Practise of Treating CV Patients > Flashcards

Practise of Treating CV Patients Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for hypertensive patient younger than 55

A
  • start ACEi/ARB
  • add CCB
  • add diuretic if necessary
  • B-blocker/A-blocker/spironolactone
  • ACD
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2
Q

Treatment for hypertensive patient older than 55

A
  • start CCB
  • add ACEi/ARB if necessary
  • add diuretic if necessary
  • B-blocker/A-blocker/spironolactone
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3
Q

Order of treatment of heart failure

A
  1. DAB (unless contraindicated)
    ( Diuretic, ACEi, and B-blocker)
  2. spironolactone/epleronone
  3. selected treatments
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4
Q

What are the selected treatments for chronic heart failure?

A
  • dapagliflozin
  • cardiac resynchronisation therapy
  • sacubitril/valsartan to replace ACEi/ARB
  • implantable defibrillators
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5
Q

What drugs can cause angioneurotic oedema?

A

sacubirtil-valsartan

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6
Q

What treatments prolong survival in angina patients?

A
  • SAAB
  • statin
  • ACEi
  • aspirin
  • B-blocker
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7
Q

What treatments relieves symptoms in angina patients?

A
  • B-blocker
  • CCBs
  • nitrates
  • coronary angiopalsty
  • ivabradine/ranolazine
  • coronary artery surgery
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8
Q

What are the 4 entities of acute chest pain?

A
  • STEMI
  • NSEMI
  • troponin negative unstable angina/ACS
  • non-cardiac chest pain
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9
Q

STEMI treatment

A

emergency:

  • aspirin
  • angioplasty (near hospital)
  • thrombolysis (far from hospital)

and:

  • aspirin and clopidogrel/ticagrelor
  • low MW heparin/fondaparinux
  • SAAB
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10
Q

NSTEMI treatment

A
  • aspirin and clopidogrel/ticagrelor
  • fondaparinux
  • angioplasty
  • SAAB
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11
Q

Treatment of troponin negative unstable angina/ACS

A
  • aspirin and clopidogrel
  • selective use of angioplasty
  • SAAB
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12
Q

Atrial fibrillation treatment

A
  • warfarin/rivaroxaban/NOACs (prevent emboli)
  • B-blocker/digoxin (control HR)
  • DC cardioversion/amiodarone (if HF)/sotalol/flecainide (if structure normal) – (to control rhythm)
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13
Q

What causes strokes?

A
  • cerebral thrombosis
  • cerebral embolus
  • cerebral haemorrhage
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14
Q

How would you treat a stroke?

A
  • CT to differentiate between haemorrhage or clot
  • no haemorrhage: thrombolysis
  • thrombectomy
  • aspirin for 2 weeks
  • then clopidogrel
  • also SAAB
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15
Q

ACEi common side effects

A
  • cough
  • renal dysfunction
  • angioneurotic oedema
  • don’t use in pregnancy
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16
Q

ARB common side effects

A
  • renal dysfunction

- don’t use in pregnancy

17
Q

B-blocker side effects

A
  • bradycardia
  • tired
  • asthma (don’t use in asthma)
18
Q

CCB side effects

A

ankle oedema for amlodipine

heart block for veramapil/diltaziem

19
Q

Diuretic side effects

A
  • hypokalaemia
  • diabetes
  • gout

MD3001 Cardiology (56 decks)

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