Practice Test

Question 1

Van der waals

Answer 1

weak forces that contribute to molec bonding, not a bond itself.
Includes H bonding, dipole-dipole, dispersion

Question 2

elements in the same group or period have most similar characteristic?

Answer 2

same group! which is going down (column)

Question 3

How is vapor pressure related to rate of evaporation?

Answer 3

the greater the pressure, the greater the rate. Think all this pressure is on the liquid, it will escape into gas more quickly.

Question 4

what can form intermolicular H bonds?

Answer 4

water, h2o

not h2s or h2Te - you need O!! very electroneg

Question 5

Pressure at a certain point =

Answer 5

P = pgh where p is density. remember that density will not change for small distances relative to huge. Like air density at 0 m and 100 m is the same

Question 6

when does the ph of a buffer solution = the pKa of the acid?

Answer 6

when acid and conj base concentrations are EQUAL

Question 7

when acid and conj base conc are equal in a buffer solution, what is the ph?

Answer 7

pH is equal to the pka of the acid!

Question 8

remember!!! What does (aq) mean?

Answer 8

it means the compound is in WATER, remember what this will mean for interactions, etc, you must consider how it will react with water, ie cleave off H, etc.

Question 9

wavelength =

Answer 9

v/f

the distance from one node to another

Question 10

oscillations deal with what kind of E?

In other words, what E is being conserved in waves?

Answer 10

mechanical E

Question 11

Rapid processes are adiabatic or not?

Answer 11

they are adiabatic, because they don’t have time for heat loss

Question 12

visible spectrum
what is the wavelength measurement range?
what is red?

Answer 12

400-700nm
red is 620-700
longer is brighter

Question 13

lewis acid

Answer 13

mcule that can accept an electron pair

Question 14

lewis base

Answer 14

mcule that can donate an e pair

Question 15

Bronsted Lowy acid

Answer 15

proton donor

Question 16

bronsted lowry base

Answer 16

proton acceptor

Question 17

whats the difference between lewis acid/base and bronsted?

Answer 17

A lewis acid is a mcule that can accept an e pair even if it cannot donate a proton (H) eg. BCl3 and AlCl3 can accept e- but have no proton to donate

Question 18

arhenius acids and bases

Answer 18

acid is a species that produces a proton, H in aq

base produces OH in aq

Question 19

galvanic cell
delta G is pos or neg?
spont or not?
where does reduction occur?
where does oxidation occur?

Answer 19

redox rxn
delta G is negative
SPONTANEOUS
reduction occurs at cathode
oxidation at anode
Galvanic cells often used as betteries

Question 20

Electrolytic cell
pos or neg delta G?
Spont or not?
reduction occurs at...
oxidation occurs at...

Answer 20

Positive delta G
not sponataneous
reduction at cathode
oxidation at anode
Electrical E is required to induce the reaction.

Question 21

what is the difference between galvanic cell and electrolytic?

what is the same?

Answer 21

difference is Galvanic is spontaneous, neg G
Electrolytic is not spont, +G

for BOTH - reduction at cathode, oxidation at anode
RED CAT AN OX
they are both electrochemical cells

Question 22

at STP the volume of one mole of gas is always…

PS what is STP?

Answer 22

22.4L

1 atm
0 C

Question 23

Mirror

focal length =

Answer 23

f = r/2

where f is the distance between focal pt and mirror and r is the radius of curvature

Question 24

what is the relationship between f, i, o and r for a mirror?

Answer 24

1/o + 1/i = 1/f = 2/r

Question 25

for a mirror, magnification, m =
what does + mean?
what does - mean?

Answer 25

m = -i/o
+ is upright image
- is inverted

Question 26

Snell’s Law of refraction (light)

Answer 26

n1sina1 = n2sina2

Question 27

diverging lens results in what kind of rays?

Answer 27

diverging rays

Question 28

is light absorbed by a mirror?

Answer 28

some, and probably converted into thermal E

Question 29

what happens to light as it travels through a medium?

Answer 29

it is absorbed and re-emitted by the atomic structure of the medium

Question 30

what is Ksp?

Answer 30

Ksp is the solubility product constant of a solid/precip.

Higher Ksp means more soluble: Ksp = [Ag][Cl]/[AgCl] the higher ksp the more products (ions) you have

Question 31

Do bacterial cells have cell membrane, mito and ER?

Answer 31

only cell membrane

Question 32

where does TL occur?

Answer 32

on the ribos

Question 33

bicarb ions in blood are important in maintaining levels of what?

Answer 33

levels of H, maintaining the correct pH

Question 34

free radical bromination - what is most likely to occur? primary, secondary, tertiary?

Answer 34

tertiary brominations are the most stable, so Br is most likely to attach a tertiary C

Question 35

what must a mcule have in order to be optically active?

Answer 35

a chiral carbon

Question 36

what do you know about H NMR and singlets, doublets, etc?

Answer 36

pretty much nothing

Question 37

acetal group looks lik…

Answer 37

RC(OR’)2 so you’ve got 2 different Os with R groups attached coming off of a C

It’s kind of like 2 ethers

Question 38

enol formation, how does this happen?

Answer 38

when a H froma methyl group jumps over to the O in a ketone and the double bond switches to C=C

Question 39

what vessels dilate or restrict to regulate blood flow?

Answer 39

only some arteries

Question 40

what is adaptive radiation?

Answer 40

the divergence on one species into many species over a long period of time. Like finches in Galapagos

Question 41

what is tx?

Answer 41

tx of dna into rna

Question 42

what is bone resorption?

Answer 42

the breakdown of bone to decrease bone mass

Question 43

what gets translated?

Answer 43

mRNA

Question 44

why are oligonucleotides like mRNA so quickly degraded in the cell and why is it important

Answer 44

important so that the cell doesn’t keep making that particular ptn. It allows the cell to make new mRNA and consequently new ptns that are important to that stage of development