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MCAT > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

convection

A

Transfer of E via heat by movement of liquid

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2
Q

conduction

A

flow of E from higher temp to lower

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3
Q

radiation

A

transfer of E through vacuum

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4
Q

Resistors in series

A

Rt = r1 + r2

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5
Q

Resistors in parallel

A

1/rt = 1/r1 + 1/r2

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6
Q

Capacitors in parallel

A

C = c1+c2

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7
Q

Capacitors in Series

A

1/C = 1/c1 + 1/c2

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8
Q

Voltage in parallel

A

V = v1 = v2

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9
Q

Voltage in series

A

V = v1 +v2

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10
Q

sin30

A

1/2

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11
Q

cos30

A

√3/2 = .867

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12
Q

sin0

A

0

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13
Q

cos0

A

1

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14
Q

sin45

A

√2/2 = .707

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15
Q

cos45

A

√2/2 = .707

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16
Q

sin60

A

√3/2 = .867

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17
Q

cos60

A

1/2

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18
Q

sin90

A

1

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19
Q

cos90

A

0

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20
Q

Equation for Work

A

W = FdcosA

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21
Q

Pendulum Period T=

A

T=2pi√(L/g)

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22
Q

Impulse, J

A

J= change in momentum

J=Ft

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23
Q

What happens to sound wave as it travels? Eg circle…
E?
I?

A

Energy remains the same at all d from source of sound, neglecting air resistance.
the Intensity changes …Power = IA A=area of coverage. If P stays same, as A increases, intensity dec

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24
Q

capacitor

A

stores electric charges with potential difference, V, between them

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25
Q

Speed of light, f and wavelength. Equation?

A

Frequency x wavelength = speed of light, c

c = 3x10^8

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26
Q

maximum velocity

A

occurs when acc=0, cannot possible go any faster

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27
Q

terminal velocity

A

will always involve a drag force in terms of velocity

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28
Q

kWh

A

kilowatt hour - this is a unit of E bc Watt = E/t so Watthour = Et/t = E

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29
Q

normal force

at the top of a loop?

A

normal force is always pointing away from the surface from which an object is touching

on a loop. when the object is at the top of the look, the normal force is pointing downward

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30
Q

signal to noise ratio

A

signal should be high, noise should be low

100:1 is way better than 1:1

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31
Q

E field strength at distance r

A

E = kq/r2

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32
Q

man jumps off deck and throws ball directly out at same time. which lands first?

A

land at same time.

even though ball has horizontal v, the ball and man’s acc due to gravity is the same

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33
Q

vf2 =

A

vf2 = vi2 + 2ax

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34
Q

vf =

A

vf = vi + at

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35
Q

deltax =

A

x = vit + 1/2at2

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36
Q

beats

A

difference in frequencies arriving at a point

creates constructive and destructive interference

37
Q

torque

A

t = rfsina

38
Q

E of a wave =

A

E = hf where h is Planck’s const. and f is freq

remember v=f x wavelength

39
Q

sound waves travel fastest through what medium?

A

solid, liq then gas

40
Q

can sound waves be longitudinal?

A

no not usually
longitudinal waves are like seismic waves
standing = transverse = harmonic waves are sound

41
Q

does light have sound freq and period?

does sound?

A

yes and yes. Both are waves

42
Q

what kind of wave is sound? Meaning what about the medium displacement?

A

longitudinal, meaning medium is displaced in the direction of the wave

43
Q

what kind of wave is light? Meaning what about displacement?

A

light is transverse, meaning displacement is perp to wave

44
Q

light travels fastest through what medium?

A

air, liq, solid (glass etc)

45
Q

what waves experience diffraction

A

all waves, sound and light

46
Q

E in a spring?

A

E = kx2

47
Q

V =

in a circuit

A 
V = iR
V = P/i
V = CQ
48
Q

capacitance eq

A 
C = A/d where A is area of plates, d is distance between
C = Q/V
49
Q

heat of vaporization

A

amount of heat required to change the state of a substance

50
Q

relationship between static and dynamic friction coefficients

A

dynamic is always less than static. This makes sense, as the coeff for static should be way higher to keep the object completely stationary. It harder to over come friction from a stand still than from a moving position

51
Q

Gravity Eq. F =

A

F = Gm1m2/r2

52
Q

torque T =

A

t=rfsina

a is between r and F

53
Q

Circ motion
Fc =
ac =

A

Fc = mv2/r

ac = v2/r

54
Q

Pulley
W input =
W output =
efficiency =

A

W in = effort x effort distance
W out = load x loadx
effic = out/in

55
Q

Circuits and Power

P =

A

P = iV

P = i2R

P = V2/R

56
Q

Electrostatics

E =

A

E = F/q

E = V/d

57
Q

electrostatics F

A

F = kq1q2/r2

58
Q

Electric potential V =

A

V = kq/r

V = W/q

Va - Vb = Wab/q

59
Q

Electric potential E, U =

A

U = W = qV

U = kqQ/r

60
Q

Pressure P

A

P = P0 + dgh
where P0 is pressure at the surface and d = density

P = F/A (think spike heels)

61
Q

Magnetic field B
loop
straight

A

B = ui/2r at the center of a Loop where u = mew naut

B = ui/2pir (think you have to take into account the roundness of the wire)

62
Q

Magnetic F

A

F = qvBsina

F = iLB sina

63
Q

thermal expansion

A

inc in T solid will expand

change in L = aLchangeinT where a is alpha and change in is delta

64
Q

Volume expansion

A

as T inc, liq expands

^V = BetaV^T where ^=delta

65
Q

Specific heat

Heat gain and loss

A 
Q = mc^T 
c = specific heat of substance
Q = heat gain/loss
66
Q

Heat of transformation

A

Phase change

Q = mL

67
Q

concave with object at focal point: real or virtual?

upright or inverted

A

real and inverted

also true for anything further than focal pt

68
Q

convex with object at focal?

A

virtual and upright

also tru for anything further than focal pt

69
Q

elastic collisions

what is conserved?

A

kinetic E

70
Q

inelastic collisions - is Kinetic E conserved?

A

no, can be converted to other forms of E

71
Q

what is heat of transformation?

Equation?

what kind of process is this?

A

amount of heat required to change the phase of 1 kg of a substance
Q = mL

isothermal! like changing from ice to water at 0C

72
Q

what is the area underneath a P vs V graph?

A

it is the work done in a system

73
Q

what is the law of thermodynamics?

Equation?
What happens adiabatic?
constant V?
closed cycle?

A

DeltaU = Q - W Q is heat lost or gained, W is work, U is energy in system

Adiabatic, no change in heat, Q = 0
Constant v, piston isn’t moving, W = 0
closed, U = 0

74
Q

in any thermodynamic process that shifts eq, what will happen to S?

A

it will either increase or remain the same

75
Q

a positive charge will move in what direction of the E field?

A

the same direction

76
Q

a neg charge will move in what direction of the E field?

A

opposite of E

77
Q

what is electric potential energy, U?

A

the amount of energy needed to move a charged particle from infinity to a point

U = qV = qEd = kq1Q/r

78
Q

dipole moment p =

does it feel a force?

A

p = qd

no force, but does experience torque which causes it to rotate to align with E field

79
Q

Electric Potential, V =

what is the unit?

A

V = W/q

the amount of work required to move a pos test charge to infinity to point. Work per charge

Unit is volts!

80
Q

What is potential difference?

A

VOLTAGE!

when 2 oppositely charged plates are separated by distance, d, a potential difference exists between them, V = Ed = W/q = kQ/r

81
Q

Fbuoy =

Archimedes’ principle

A

Fbuoy = p(fluid)gV(submerged)

and Weight, W = pVg, so it makes sense that Fbuoy = W

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.

82
Q

when will an object float or sink?

A

float when the weight of the displaced fluid is greater than the object or equal to it

sink if the displaced fluid is less than the weight of the object

83
Q

what are the equations of a system with 2 pistons?

A 
F1/A1 = F2/A2
A1d1 = A2d2
F1d1 = F2d2
84
Q

what creates a magnetic field, B?

A

moving charges and permanent magnets

85
Q

what direction do magnetic field lines flow?

A

from north to south

86
Q

a charge moving in a B experiences what kind of F?

When is F=0?

A

F = qvB (sin a)

F = 0 when the charge is moving parallel or antiparallel to the B

87
Q

what is current and in what direction does it flow?

A

current is flow of e charge

direction is the direction that pos charge would flow…from high to low potential

88
Q

What is capacitance and the equations?

A

Capacitance is the ability to store charge per unit voltage

C = Q/V
C = kEA/d   don't worry about k or E, just A and d here
89
Q

what is the Energy stored by cap?

A

U = 1/2QV^2 = 1/2CV^2

MCAT (14 decks)

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