Practice Sentences Pre-Midterm Flashcards
Cicero was elected consul by the votes of the Roman People.
Cicero consul suffragiis populi Romani creatus est.
Fortune favors the bold but envies the fortunate.
Fortuna audacem adiuvat, sed felicem invidet.
If Caesar is obeyed, the hostages will be spared.
Si Caesari parebitur, obsidibus parcentur.
Cato slew himself with his own sword.
Cato se suo gladio interfecit.
He held the dictatorship to (cum + abl) the greatest advantage of the republic.
Dictaturam gessit cum optima opportunitate rei publicae.
Lepidus resolved to abandon his country and join the mutiny.
Lepidus deserere patriam statuit et ad seditionem transire.
While the Romans were making these preparations, the Gauls assembled at Milan.
Comparationibus a Romanis factis, Galli ad Mediolanum coegerunt.
Alexander laid the district waste with fire and sword.
Alexander regionem ferro et igni vastavit.
Tellus the Athenenian received a mortal wound fighting for his country.
Tellus Athenaeus pro patria pugnans vulnere mortali laesus est.
The envoys consulted with us in Rome for three days.
Legati nobiscum in Roma consuluerunt tribus diebus.
Caesar and Bibulus were elected consuls by the favor of the Roman People.
Caesar Bibulusque consules beneficio populi Romani creati sunt.
The Persians were defeated by Alexander before the end of winter.
Persae ante extremam heimem ab Alexandro victi sunt.
The scouts returned safe the next day.
Speculatores postridie incolumes redierunt.
Valentinianus was killed by Petronius with a dagger.
Valentinianus a Petronio pugione interfectus est.
Caesar perceived that the Gauls would soon attack the camp.
Caesar Gallos oppugnaturos esse mox castra sensit.
Lepidus believed that the soldiers would follow him to a man.
Lepidus milites se secuturos esse omnes credidit.
He denied that he had taken up arms against the country and laws.
Se arma contra patriam legesque sumpsisse negavit.
For Scipio, to be praised by the wicked was almost the same as to be blamed by the good.
Scipioni, laudari ab improbo paene idem fuit quod culpari a probo.
It is one thing to be praised, another to have deserved praise.
Aliud laudari est, aliud laudem meruisse.
It is one thing to live content, another to enjoy good fortune.
Aliud beatum vivere, aliud bona fortuna uti.
The conspirators were slain to a man but the hostages were spared.
Coniurati ad unum occisi sunt sed obsidibus temperatum est.
Aemilianus is said to have wept over the ancient city of Carthage.
Aemilianus dicitur antiquae urbi Carthagini illacrimavisse.
We are all apt to trust in those like ourselves.
Omnes nostri similibus fidere solemus.
Augustus dedicated an obelisk in the Campus Martius as a gift for the Sun.
Augustus obeliscum in Campo Martio dono Soli dedicavit.
It is dishonorable to consider the Republic as a source of gain.
Dedecori est rei publicae habere quaestui.
It is the part of the consuls to command the armies; our part is to obey orders.
Consulum est exercitus ducere; nostrum est imperata facere.
Fate has left the vanquished nothing except (nisi ut + subj.) either to die with honor or to live with disgrace.
Fatum victis nihil reliqui fecit nisi ut aut cum dignitate moriantur aut cum ignominia vivant.
No one of my contemporaries labored (nitor) as fiercely as he on behalf of liberty.
Nemo meorum aequalium tam ferociter quam ille pro libertate nisus est.
Antonius was a sensible man and of the greatest influence with the soldiers.
Antonius prudens vir fuit et summae auctoritatis apud milites.
The whole people regrets its own rashness and blushes for the folly and incompetence of its leader.
Cunctus populus suae temeritati piget et pudet stultitiae inscitiaeque sui ducis.
Cicero held the safety of his country dearer than his own life.
Cicero salutem patriae cariorem sua vita habuit. (ablative of comparison)
The commander was informed of these things through messengers.
Dux haec certiorem per nuntios factus est. (ablative of secondary agent)
Publius Scipio performed the duty of a soldier with the greatest zeal.
Publius Scipio officio militis summo studio functus est. (fungor + instrumental ablative; ablative of manner)
Born of a very noble lineage, the young man gained mastery of the kingdom of the Persians within a few years.
Nobilissimo genere ortus, adolescens regni Persarum paucis annis potitus est. (ablative of separation/origin; genitive with potior; ablative of time within which)
The Greeks sacked the flourishing city of Troy in the tenth year of the war.
Graeci florentissimam urbem Troiam anno decimo belli diripuerunt. (local ablative)
Lucullus hastened to the camp with his cavalry on the same day.
Lucullus ad castra cum equitatu eodem die properavit. (ablative of accompaniment, local ablative)
In such a great disturbance of the state, the Senate had need of deliberation.
In tanta tempestate rei publicae, Senatus consulto opus est. (local ablative; instrumental ablative with opus)
The Germans surpass the other barbarians in valor.
Germani ceteris barbaris fortitudine praestant.
A young man named Manlius freed his fellow citizens from fear of foreign war.
Adulescens, Manlius nomine, cives metu externi belli liberavit. (ablative of respect, ablative of separation)
Caesar was slain by Brutus and Cassius in the senate house on the Ides of march.
Caesar a Bruto Cassioque in curia idibus Martiis interfectus est. (ablative of agent, local ablatives)
Fabius proved himself scarcely less tenacious of purpose at home than in the field.
Fabius se vix minus tenacem propositi domi quam militiae praestitit. (local ablatives)
The Helvetians, who had been defeated by Caesar, asked for peace.
Helvetii, victi a Caesare, pacem petiverunt.
Caesar, once he had defeated the Helvetians, demanded hostages from their leaders.
Caesar, Helvetiis victis, obsides a ducibus postulavit.
Regulus, having been handed over to the enemy, was put to death.
Regulus, traditus hostibus, necatus est.
Having said these things, the messengers departed.
His dictis, nuntii abierunt.
Once he had been elected consul, he strove to benefit the Republic.
Creatus consul rei publicae prodesse conatus est.
Having besieged the city for three years, the king returned home without success.
Urbe obsessa tres annos, rex domum rediit re infecta.
With these words, he threw himself at Caesar’s feet.
Loquens haec, Caesari ad pedes se proiecit.
On the death of Remus, Romulus reigned alone.
Remo necato, Romulus solus regnavit.
During the reign of Romulus, Rome was a town of no importance.
Romulo regnante, Roma oppidum, quod nihil refert, fuit.
This year is the 2,775th from the founding of Rome.
Hic annus est bis millesimus septingentesimus septuagesimus quintus ab Urbe condita.
Although the kings had been expelled, the Roman People was oppressed by proud consuls.
Regibus eiectis, tamen populus Romanus a consulibus superbis vexatus est.
Let us flee from the cities into the fields and forests.
Ab urbibus in agros silvasque fugiamus.
Follow (pl) the soldiers to the camp.
Milites ad castra sequimini.
Let them not return to the villages of their ancestors.
Ne ad pagos avorum redeant.
Give (sg) me the money that I asked you for.
Da mihi pecuniam petitam.
Let us neither help our enemies nor harm our friends.
Ne inimicos iuvemus neve amicis noceamus.
Do not give (sg) a sword to your enemy.
Gladium hosti noli dare.
You (pl) ought to have complied with the orders of the consul.
Iussis consulis obsequi debuistis.
I had Caesar’s permission to make an attack on the enemy.
Per Caesarem mihi licuit hostes aggredi.
Do not fear (pl) the enemies who are waging war on the Senate and People of Rome.
Hostes metuere nolite qui in senatum populumque Romanum bellum gerunt.
What was I to do? It was necessary for me to consult the interests of the republic.
Quid facerim? Necesse erat rei publicae consulere. (rei publicae is dative of advantage)
Let them not dare not only to be free themselves, but also to assert their country’s freedom.
Audeant non solum esse liberi, sed etiam patriam in libertatem vindicare.
The Republic is to be cherished by all good men.
Res publica amplectenda est omnibus bonis viris.
They hastened to Milan for the purpose of defending the city. (Causa + gerundive)
Ad Mediolanum acceleraverunt urbis defendendae causa.
The enticements of pleasure should be avoided by all those desirous of learning.
Illecebrae voluptatis vitandae sunt omnibus cupientibus discere.
The Athenians sent envoys to Delphi to consult the god. (causa)
Athenienses legatos ad Delphos miserunt dei consultandi causa.
We have been sent to seek help (use ad)
Ad petendum auxilium missi sumus.
An opportunity for fighting was offered.
Occasio pugnandi (objective genitive) data est.
They were induced by hope of capturing the city.
Spe urbis capiendae impulsi sunt.
We have been summoned to defend the consuls (use ad)
Advocati sumus ad defendendos consules.
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise (him).
Venio ad Caesarem sepeliendum, non ad laudandum.
Themistocles did these things for the sake of helping his friends. (causa)
Themistocles haec fecit amicos adiuvandi causa.
Everyone has to die sometime.
Omnibus aliquando moriendum est.
