Livy or Die-y

Question 1

Dictator cum tumultus Gallici causa iustitium edixisset, omnes iuniores sacramento adegit ingentique exercitu ab urbe profectus in citeriore ripa Anienis castra posuit.

Answer 1

The Dictator, when on acount of the Gallic upset he had declared a stop to public business, he swore all younger men to an oath of allegiance and with a huge army having left from the city, he placed his camp on the nearer bank of the Aniene.

Question 2

iustitium, -i (n)

Answer 2

a cessation of public court/business (-stitium = a stopping of)

Question 3

sacramento

Answer 3

in military contexts: an oath of allegiance

Question 4

adegit

Answer 4

adigo + some sort of oath = to put (acc) to an oath (in abl)

Question 5

profectus sum

Answer 5

left, departed

Question 6

citeriore ripa

Answer 6

on the nearer bank

Question 7

pons in medio erat, neutris rumpentibus ne timoris indicium esset.

Answer 7

There was a bridge in the middle, with neither (side) rupturing it, lest there be an indication of fear.

Question 8

proelia de occupando ponte crebra erant, nec qui potirentur incertis viribus satis discerni poterat.

Answer 8

There were skirmishes repeatedly concerning occupying the bridge, and it was not possible to sufficiently discern (indirect question) which would obtain it, with strength being uncertain.

Question 9

crebra

Answer 9

repeatedly

Question 10

tum eximia corporis magnitudine in vacuum pontem Gallus processit et quantum maxima voce potuit ‘quem nunc’ inquit ‘Roma virum fortissimum habet, procedat agedum ad pugnam, ut noster duorum eventus ostendat utra gens bello sit melior.’

Answer 10

Then a Gaul of an exceptionally bulky body advanced to the empty bridge and with as great a voice as he was able he said “Now which man Rome has that is strongest, let him proceed, come on, to the battle, so that our result of us two shows which nation is better in war.”

Question 11

eximia

Answer 11

exceptional, distinguished

Question 12

agedum

Answer 12

come on! (idiomatic)

Question 13

diu inter primores iuventum Romanorum silentium fuit, cum et abnuere certamen vererentur et praecipuam sortem periculi petere nollent;

Answer 13

For a while there was silence between the foremost of the young Romans, when they were both fearing to refuse the combat and not wishing to seek a particular fate of destruction;

Question 14

primores

Answer 14

foremost

Question 15

abnuere

Answer 15

to refuse/deny

Question 16

certamen, certaminis (n)

Answer 16

contest, struggle, battle, combat, prize

Question 17

vererentur

Answer 17

they were fearing

Question 18

praecipuam

Answer 18

a particular

Question 19

sors, sortis (f)

Answer 19

fate

Question 20

tum T. Manlius L. filius, qui patrem a vexatione tribunicia vindicaverat, ex statione ad dictatorem pergit;

Answer 20

then Titus Manlius, son of Lucius, who had liberated his father from tribunician persecution, proceeds from his station to the dictator;

Question 21

vindicaverat

Answer 21

he had vindicated/liberated

Question 22

‘iniussu tuo’ inquit, ‘imperator, extra ordinem numquam pugnaverim, non si certam victoriam videam: si tu permittis, volo ego illi beluae ostendere, quando adeo ferox praesultat hostium signis, me ex ea familia ortum quae Gallorum agmen ex rupe Tarpeia deiecit.’

Answer 22

He said “Commander, without command from you I should never fight beyond my station, not if I would see certain victory: if you permit, I wish to show to that beast, because he, so bold, dances before enemy standards, that I am born from the family which threw off the army of the Gauls from the Tarpeian cliff.”

Question 23

iniussu tuo

Answer 23

without command (adv) from you

Question 24

belua, -ae (f)

Answer 24

wild beast, monster, brute

Question 25

quando

Answer 25

when, because

Question 26

adeo

Answer 26

so much

Question 27

praesultat

Answer 27

to dance before (1)

Question 28

agmen

Answer 28

army

Question 29

tum dictator ‘macte virtute’ inquit ‘ac pietate in patrem patriamque, T. Manli, esto.

Answer 29

Then the dictator said “May you be honored for your virtue and piety towards your father and fatherland, T. Manlius.

Question 30

macte + esto

Answer 30

“may you be honored” for (+ablative)

Question 31

perge et nomen Romanum invictum iuvantibus dis praesta.’

Answer 31

go on and show the name of Rome is unconquered with the gods helping.”

Question 32

perge

Answer 32

go on, proceed

Question 33

armant inde iuvenem aequales; pedestre scutum capit, Hispano cingitur gladio ad propiorem habili pugnam.

Answer 33

Then his peers arm the young man; he takes an infantry shield, he is gird with a Spanish sword suitable for close combat.

Question 34

pedestre scutum

Answer 34

infantry shield

Question 35

ad propiorem habili pugnam

Answer 35

suitable for close combat (relative clause of characteristic?)

Question 36

armatum adornatumque adversus Gallum stolide laetum et - quoniam id quoque memoria dignum antiquis visum est - linguam etiam ab inrisu exserentem producunt.

Answer 36

They lead the equipped and adorned man against the Gaul, stupidly cheerful and - since this also seemed worthy memory to the ancients- also stretching out his tongue from mocking.

Question 37

quoniam

Answer 37

since

Question 38

quoque

Answer 38

also

Question 39

dignum

Answer 39

worthy of (+abl)

Question 40

exserentem

Answer 40

stretching out

Question 41

recipiunt inde se ad stationem; et duo in medio armati spectaculi magis more quam lege belli destituuntur, nequaquam visu ac specie aestimantibus pares.

Answer 41

Then they withdraw to their own station; and the two armed men are left in the middle in the manner of a spectacle more than the custom of war, by no means being equal in appearance to those watching.

Question 42

destituuntur

Answer 42

they are left

Question 43

nequaquam

Answer 43

by no means

Question 44

corpus alteri magnitudine eximium, versicolori veste pictisque et auro caelatis refulgens armis;

Answer 44

The body of the one was exceptional in size and brilliant with its many-colored garment and weapons that were painted and inlaid with gold;

Question 45

media in altero militaris statura modicaque in armis habilibus magis quam decoris species;

Answer 45

there was a medium, soldierly stature in the other one and a modest appearance in his arms which were useful more than decorative;

Question 46

non cantus, non exsultatio armorumque agitatio vana sed pectus animorum iraeque tacitae plenum;

Answer 46

no singing, no jumping around, and no idle banging of arms, but a chest that was full of spirit and silent wrath;

Question 47

omnem ferociam in discrimen ipsum certaminis distulerat.

Answer 47

he had put off all aggressiveness for the decision of the match itself.