Practice section 8/10/12

Question 1

Loss of the knee jerk reflex would indicate damage to the _______ nerve.

Answer 1

femoral

Question 2

Inability to plantar flex the foot results from damage to the _______ nerve.

Answer 2

tibial

Question 3

What nerve provides the majority of motor and sensory input to the pelvic floor?

Answer 3

pudendal n.

Question 4

A pt is treated for diabetic ketoacidosis w/ insulin and normal saline. What would be the effect on serum osmolality?

Answer 4

decrease

Question 5

A pt is txed for DKA w/ insulin and saline, what would be the effect on serum K+?

Answer 5

decrease (insulin puts K+ into the cells)

Question 6

A pt is txed for DKA w/ insulin and saline. What would be the effect on serum Na+?

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

A pt is txed for DKA w/ insulin and saline. What would be the effect on serum bicarbonate?

Answer 7

increase (We’re fighting metabolic alkalosis after all.)

Question 8

Exertional dyspnea and pneumonia + abdominal pain + bone pain in a child =

Answer 8

Sickle Cell Anemia

Question 9

Cough + high fever + headache/confusion + diarrhea + bradycardia. Crackles in lower lobe w/o wheeze. Lobar consolidation on CXR.

Answer 9

Legionella

Question 10

What is the classic laboratory finding in the blood of a pt w/ Legionella pneumonia?

Answer 10

hyponatremia

Question 11

How would you classify Legionella as a bacteria?

Answer 11

facultative intracellular, aerobic Gram (-) rod

Question 12

What would be seen on a sputum Gram stain of a pt. w/ Legionella pneumonia?

Answer 12

NΦ infiltrate w/ few or no bacteria (Gram - rods)

Question 13

What kind of pneumonia is positive for cold agglutinins?

Answer 13

Mycoplasma

Question 14

What medications may be used to treat Borrelia burgorferi infection?

Answer 14

doxycycline or penicillin-type Abx (e.g. ceftriaxone)

Question 15

You would test the levels of what enzyme in order to differentiate between liver and bone causes of increased alkaline phosphatase? Does that enzyme indicate the functionality or structural integrity of the liver/biliary tract?

Answer 15

γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; structural integrity

Question 16

pleomorphic Gram (-) rods that grow on a hematin-containing medium

Answer 16

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 17

What is the major virulence factor of pathogenic strains of H. influenzae?

Answer 17

capsule

Question 18

What actually are the X and V factors required by Hamophilus?

Answer 18

hematin and NAD+

Question 19

Which 3 bacteria produce hyaluronidase to digest ground substance?

Answer 19

GAS, Staphylococci, and C. difficile

Question 20

What 3 pathogenic bacteria use pili?

Answer 20

both Neisseria and E. coli

Question 21

What are the 2 components of MHC II molecules?

Answer 21

α and β polypeptide chains

Question 21

Propionic acidemia results from a defect in the metabolism of what substances?

Answer 21

VOMIT
Val
Odd-chain FAs
Met
Ile
Thr

Question 22

Which of the 2 parts of meiosis is the reductional division (making the cells haploid)?

Answer 22

Meiosis I