Practice Questions To know

Question 1

Which chemical mediators of inflammation is released by nerve endings and causes pain?

Answer 1

Substance P

Question 2

Which chemical mediators is associated with fever and an acute phase reaction?

Answer 2

TNF and IL-1

Question 3

Does platelet activating factor have local or systemic effects?

Answer 3

Local

Question 4

Outcomes of activation of the complement cascade typically can include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Opsonization
B. Formation of a membrane attack complex
C. Chemotaxis
D. Anaphylaxis
E. Fever

Answer 4

Fever

Question 5

Factor 12 activates which pathways?

Answer 5

1. Compliment
2. Coagulation
3. Kinin
4. Fibrinolytic

Question 6

Where is bradykinin synthesized?

Answer 6

In the Liver.

Remember the good old BRANDYkinin alcohol in the liver.

Question 7

What are the 3 aspects of Virchow’s triad

Answer 7

Abnormal blood flow
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury

Question 8

What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Answer 8

Its thrombosis in small vessels and hemorrhage at the same time. Sometimes associated with anemia.

Question 9

What is the D-dimer test?

Answer 9

It tests for fibrin degradation product. A high D-dimer test indicates clot presence.

Question 10

Generally, benign neoplasias rarely progress to invasive malignancies. What is an important exception to this “rule”?

Answer 10

Colonic adenoma

Question 11

What are the three types of bruising?

Answer 11

1. Petichae (really small)
2. Purpura
3. Ecchymosis (larger 2-3 cm)

Question 12

What stimulates both B and T cells to divide?

Answer 12

Mitogens (Pokeweed)

Question 13

What is the normal range for Absolute Neutrophil count?

Answer 13

over 1000 less than 8000

Question 14

What is a left shift?

Answer 14

Where there are more immature leukocytes in the blood.